All Free Nursing Pharmacology MCQs with Answers

• A. It kills bacteria by destroying their cell walls
• B. It stops bacterial growth and allows host defenses to clear them
• C. It prevents all bacterial toxins from entering the bloodstream
• D. It kills bacteria by immediately blocking nerve transmission

Explanation: A bacteriostatic drug inhibits bacterial growth or reproduction rather than directly killing the organisms.

• A. Continue the broad-spectrum drug indefinitely
• B. Change to the effective narrow-spectrum drug as prescribed
• C. Add a second antibiotic without consulting the prescriber
• D. Stop antimicrobial treatment because the culture is complete

Explanation: Using the narrowest effective antibiotic reduces exposure to other bacteria and lowers the risk of resistance and superinfection.

• A. Offer oral fluids and reassess in 30 minutes
• B. Stop the drug and call for emergency treatment
• C. Document the reaction after completing the medication round
• D. Give the next dose slowly to reduce further symptoms

Explanation: Wheezing and facial swelling indicate a potentially life-threatening anaphylactic reaction, so the drug must be stopped and emergency help…

• A. I will take it with an antacid to prevent stomach upset
• B. I will use sun protection while taking this medicine
• C. I will stop it when my fever returns to normal
• D. I will take each dose with milk to improve absorption

Explanation: Doxycycline can cause photosensitivity, so protective clothing and sunscreen are appropriate during treatment.

• A. Increase the infusion rate to complete the dose quickly
• B. Stop or slow the infusion and notify the prescriber
• C. Give the next dose by the intramuscular route
• D. Tell the patient that the reaction proves treatment failure

Explanation: Rapid intravenous vancomycin infusion can cause an infusion reaction with flushing and itching, often called vancomycin infusion reaction.

• A. Swallow it immediately without holding it in the mouth
• B. Swish it around the mouth before swallowing it
• C. Dilute it in a full glass of water before taking it
• D. Apply it only to the skin around the lips

Explanation: Nystatin suspension should contact the affected oral mucosa, so the patient should swish it around the mouth before swallowing.

• A. That plan prevents all adverse effects from the medicines
• B. These medicines work best when taken consistently as prescribed
• C. Missing doses is safe if the viral load was once low
• D. The medicines can be stopped after symptoms improve

Explanation: Consistent adherence suppresses viral replication and reduces the risk of treatment failure and drug resistance.

• A. Whether the patient has a history of motion sickness
• B. Whether the patient has glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
• C. Whether the patient received a tetanus booster this year
• D. Whether the patient has previously used an antifungal cream

Explanation: Primaquine can cause severe haemolysis in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, so screening or confirmation of G6PD…

• A. Use the remaining tablets whenever a fever develops
• B. Complete the prescribed course and do not share or save doses
• C. Take double doses later if some tablets are missed
• D. Keep the tablets for a family member with similar symptoms

Explanation: The patient should take the antibiotic exactly as prescribed and follow local guidance for safe disposal of unused medicine.

• A. It blocks bacterial folic acid synthesis
• B. It disrupts fungal ergosterol production
• C. It prevents viral protein attachment
• D. It inhibits parasite muscle contraction

Explanation: Trimethoprim inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, reducing folic acid needed for nucleic acid production.

• A. Hyperuricaemia with gout-like pain
• B. Severe hypoglycaemia from insulin release
• C. Ototoxicity with vestibular damage
• D. Aplastic anaemia from marrow failure

Explanation: Pyrazinamide can increase uric acid and cause arthralgia or gout-like symptoms.

• A. Serum liver transaminase levels
• B. Serum calcium concentration
• C. Haemoglobin A1c level
• D. Peak expiratory flow rate

Explanation: Systemic ketoconazole can cause serious hepatotoxicity, so liver function requires monitoring.

• A. Report possible Clostridioides difficile infection
• B. Give an antidiarrhoeal medicine immediately
• C. Advise the patient to increase dairy intake
• D. Tell the patient that this is an expected harmless effect

Explanation: Clindamycin is strongly associated with antibiotic-associated colitis caused by Clostridioides difficile.

• A. Take it separately from aluminium antacids
• B. Take it with an iron tablet for better absorption
• C. Stop treatment when the fever disappears
• D. Use it together with milk at every dose

Explanation: Aluminium, magnesium, calcium and iron can reduce ciprofloxacin absorption by chelation, so doses should be separated.

• A. Assess hydration and report possible nephrotoxicity
• B. Administer the next dose more rapidly
• C. Restrict oral fluids until urine output improves
• D. Give potassium without checking laboratory results

Explanation: Intravenous acyclovir can cause renal injury, especially if the patient is dehydrated, so reduced urine output requires prompt assessment…

• A. Albendazole
• B. Acyclovir
• C. Fluconazole
• D. Isoniazid

Explanation: Albendazole is an anthelmintic used for several intestinal nematode infections, including ascariasis.

• A. Assess the patient and notify the prescriber
• B. Stop all future doses permanently
• C. Give the drug by rapid intravenous push
• D. Tell the patient that kidney failure is confirmed

Explanation: Infusion-related fever, chills and rigors are common with amphotericin B and require assessment and management according to the…

• A. I will take every dose at the prescribed time
• B. I can stop treatment when my viral load falls
• C. I will double the next dose after missing one
• D. I can share unused tablets with a family member

Explanation: Consistent antiretroviral adherence suppresses viral replication and reduces the risk of resistance.

• A. Notify the prescriber and monitor for bleeding
• B. Give both medicines together without further assessment
• C. Stop warfarin permanently before the first dose
• D. Add aspirin to improve antifungal treatment

Explanation: Fluconazole can increase warfarin effect and raise the risk of bleeding, so the prescriber should be informed and coagulation monitoring…

• A. Erythromycin
• B. Gentamicin
• C. Doxycycline
• D. Amoxicillin

Explanation: Erythromycin is a macrolide that binds to the 50S subunit and blocks bacterial protein synthesis.