Free Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) MCQs with Answers
55 Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Ribonucleic acid is generally a single-stranded nucleic acid containing ribose and uracil instead of thymine. Coverage includes mRNA, tRNA and rRNA, complementary base pairing, transcription and translation, and the differences between RNA and DNA in structure, location and biological function.
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55 questions · page 2 of 3
- A. mRNA from a DNA template
- B. A polypeptide from mRNA template
- C. mRNA from the molecules of tRNA
- D. A strand of DNA from mRNA template
Explanation: RNA polymerase does not synthesize DNA from an mRNA template; that process is called reverse transcription and is carried out by the…
Correct answer: mRNA from a DNA template- A. I only
- B. II only
- C. I and III
- D. II and III
Explanation: The correct answer is Option B: II only. RNA polymerase is an enzyme that is critical for the process of transcription, where RNA is…
Correct answer: II only- A. Amino acids → Proteins → DNA
- B. DNA → Carbohydrates → Proteins
- C. DNA → RNA → Proteins
- D. DNA → RNA → Carbohydrates
Explanation: This is the correct option. The central dogma of molecular genetics outlines the unidirectional flow of genetic information from DNA to…
Correct answer: DNA → RNA → Proteins- A. tRNA with anit-condon ACU
- B. tRNA with anit-condon AUG
- C. tRNA with anit-condon TGA
- D. tRNA with anit-condon TCU
Explanation: The codon is a sequence of three bases on mRNA that determines an amino acid.
Correct answer: tRNA with anit-condon AUG- A. tRNA
- B. cDNA
- C. rRNA
- D. mRNA
Explanation: The sequence of three nucleotides called an anticodon is part of a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule.
Correct answer: tRNA- A. tRNA with anticodon ACU
- B. tRNA with anticodon ACT
- C. tRNA with anticodon TGA
- D. tRNA with anticodon TCU
Explanation: A sequence of three nucleotides on a tRNA molecule that bond to a complementary sequence on an mRNA molecule.
Correct answer: tRNA with anticodon ACU- A. Zero
- B. One
- C. Two
- D. Three
Explanation: To determine the number of alanine molecules present in the polypeptide, we need to count the number of occurrences of the mRNA codon…
Correct answer: Three- A. P site
- B. E site
- C. mRNA
- D. A site
Explanation: During translation, the aminoacyl-tRNA complex attaches to the small ribosomal subunit at the A site (Answer D) of the ribosome.
Correct answer: A site- A. UGA
- B. UAG
- C. UAA
- D. AUG
Explanation: AUG is not a stop codon; it is the start codon (specifically, the initiation codon) that signals the beginning of protein synthesis during…
Correct answer: AUG- A. mRNA
- B. tRNA
- C. rRNA
- D. sRNA
Explanation: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the most abundant type of RNA in the cell. It is a component of the ribosome, which is the cellular machinery that…
Correct answer: rRNA- A. Adenine
- B. Guanine
- C. Thymine
- D. Cytosine
Explanation: DNA and RNA differ in three ways. 1. The sugar in RNA is ribose while the sugar in DNA is 2-deoxyribose. 2.
Correct answer: Thymine- A. Fatty acids
- B. Ribulose
- C. Ascorbic acid
- D. Deoxyribonucleic acid
- E. Ribonucleic acid
Explanation: RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a type of nucleic acid that is involved in the process of protein synthesis.
Correct answer: Ribonucleic acid- A. Arginine
- B. Valine
- C. Glutamic acid
- D. Tryptophan
Explanation: In mitochondria UGA codon is assigned to tryptophan (Trp) instead of being a signal for translational termination.
Correct answer: Tryptophan- A. DNA ligase
- B. DNA polymerase
- C. Ribosomes
- D. RNA polymerase
Explanation: Transcription has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.
Correct answer: RNA polymerase- A. Mononucleotide
- B. Dinucleotide
- C. Tri nucleotide
- D. Tetra nucleotide
Explanation: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a cofactor central to metabolism.
Correct answer: Dinucleotide- A. Cell membrane
- B. Cytoplasm
- C. Nucleolus
- D. Lysosomes
Explanation: The nucleolus is the site of the highest RNA synthesis rate in cell nuclei giving rise to more than 60% of the entire RNA pool.
Correct answer: Nucleolus37. A group of ribosomes attached to mRNA is known as a polysome and the attachment is controlled by:
- A. Na+ ions
- B. Mg++ ions
- C. Ca·++ ion
- D. K+ ions
Explanation: Ribosomes are composed of two subunits known as large and small, which unites to form the active ribosome during the process of protein…
Correct answer: Mg++ ions- A. Mononucleotide
- B. Dinucleotide
- C. Trinucleotide
- D. Tetranucleotide
Explanation: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a cofactor central to metabolism.
Correct answer: Dinucleotide- A. Double helical structure
- B. Ribose sugar
- C. Thymine
- D. Sugar - phosphate backbone
Explanation: As we can see that the double-helical structure and the nitrogenous base Thymine are exclusive to DNA, while RNA solely posses the Ribose…
Correct answer: Sugar - phosphate backbone- A. Anticodon site
- B. Ribosomes recognition site
- C. 3'-site with terminal OH
- D. Activation enzyme recognition site
Explanation: [A] At anticodon site is complementary to a corresponding codon in mRNA and binds to that specific complementary codons[B] Ribosome…
Correct answer: 3'-site with terminal OH