Free Learning and Motivation MCQs with Answers

• A. flow
• B. strengths-based selection
• C. transformation leadership
• D. achievement motivation

Explanation: Csikszentmihalyi used flow to describe intense absorption in an activity, in which a person becomes highly focused and loses awareness of…

• A. a competence motive
• B. a drive motive
• C. an achievement motive
• D. an intellect motive

Explanation: The achievement motive is the desire to master difficult tasks, meet high standards, and outperform others.

• A. arousal; Incentive
• B. drive reduction; arousal
• C. drive; reduction; incentive
• D. incentive; drive; reduction

Explanation: At first, Josh smokes for the pleasurable incentive produced by nicotine; after dependence develops, smoking reduces the unpleasant…

• A. instinct
• B. drive reduction
• C. incentive
• D. evolutionary

Explanation: An incentive is an external reward that attracts and energises behaviour, such as the promised car.

• A. Lauren is motivated by both a fear of failure and a need for achievement, while Curtis is merely motivated by a need for achievement
• B. Lauren is motivated by a fear of failure and Curtis is motivated by a need for achievement
• C. both students are motivated by a need for achievement
• D. both students are motivated by a fear of failure

Explanation: Lauren studies to avoid failing, showing fear of failure, whereas Curtis studies to attain the highest grade, showing a need for…

• A. fixed-action patterns
• B. homeostasis
• C. secondary drives
• D. arousal

Explanation: Money is a secondary drive because its motivational value is learned through its association with primary needs and rewards.

• A. ventromedial; lateral
• B. lateral; ventromedial
• C. non-homeostatic; homeostatic
• D. cyclic; episodic

Explanation: The ventromedial hypothalamus is traditionally associated with satiety, whereas the lateral hypothalamus is associated with feeding and…

• A. lowering its set point
• B. destruction of its lateral hypothalamus
• C. destruction of its ventromedial hypothalamus
• D. stimulation of its ventromedial hypothalamus

Explanation: The ventromedial hypothalamus is classically linked with satiety, so its destruction removes an important stop signal and can produce…

• A. a stimulus need
• B. a curiosity drive
• C. the Coolidge effect
• D. an episodic drive

Explanation: The Coolidge effect is the return of sexual interest when a novel mate is introduced, even after sexual satiation with the previous mate.

• A. emotional distress
• B. the fear of becoming too thin
• C. drinking alcohol in small quantities
• D. the perception that they have cheated on their diet

Explanation: Restrained eaters commonly lose dietary control after believing they have already broken their diet, producing the ‘what-the-hell’ effect.

• A. taste aversions are really more like operant conditioning
• B. taste aversions can be unlearned as well
• C. there is a biological tendency to associate sickness with any food eaten earlier
• D. there is less aversion associated with the actual sickness than with whatever caused the sickness in the first placeTry Prep Courses

Explanation: Taste aversion is a biological preparedness effect: organisms are especially ready to associate a taste with later illness, even after a…

• A. drink more water than biologically needed
• B. refuse to drink until forced to do so
• C. eat until it becomes obese
• D. refuse to eat until force fed

Explanation: Damage to the lateral hypothalamus produces aphagia, or failure to eat, often accompanied by reduced drinking.

• A. a total loss of appetite
• B. eating based on recognized need, not internal feelings of hunger
• C. some changes in eating, but hunger still occurs
• D. the need for patients to be "trained" to eat; otherwise they would inadvertently starve to deathGet Study Guides

Explanation: Removing the stomach or severing its sensory nerves does not eliminate hunger because hunger is regulated by multiple bodily and brain…

• A. needs that are learned, such as the needs for power for achievement
• B. innate but no necessary for survival
• C. not innate but necessary for survival
• D. innate and necessary for survival

Explanation: Secondary motives are acquired through learning and experience rather than being biologically programmed.

• A. plain water
• B. a slightly salty liquid
• C. a beverage containing some alcohol
• D. milk

Explanation: Prolonged vigorous exercise causes loss of water and electrolytes, especially sodium through sweating.

• A. arousal theory
• B. drive reduction theory
• C. Yerkes-Dodson Law
• D. inverted-U function

Explanation: The Yerkes-Dodson law links arousal with task difficulty and performance, predicting that moderate arousal is often best.

• A. Thematic Apperception Test
• B. Sentence Completion
• C. Rorschach
• D. MMPI

Explanation: McClelland measured achievement motivation using the Thematic Apperception Test, interpreting recurring themes in ambiguous stories.

• A. extrinsic
• B. secondary
• C. learned
• D. primary

Explanation: Thirst is a primary drive because it arises from a basic physiological need and motivates restoration of the body’s fluid balance.

• A. lower the body's set point
• B. reduce tension and anxiety
• C. decrease blood glucose levels
• D. prevent bulimia nervosa

Explanation: Carbohydrate consumption can increase brain serotonin activity, which is associated with reduced tension and anxiety in this motivational…

• A. sexual disorders
• B. boredom
• C. hunger
• D. refractory periods

Explanation: Arousal theory proposes that people seek an optimal level of stimulation, so boredom is aversive because arousal is too low.