All Free Paediatric Nursing MCQs with Answers
Every Paediatric Nursing question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
350 questions · page 4 of 18
- A. Carbohydrate, providing 4 kilocalories per gram
- B. Protein, providing 4 kilocalories per gram
- C. Fat, providing 9 kilocalories per gram
- D. Vitamin, providing 9 kilocalories per gram
Explanation: Fat provides 9 kilocalories per gram, while carbohydrate and protein provide about 4 kilocalories per gram.
Correct answer: Fat, providing 9 kilocalories per gram- A. It is rich in antibodies and helps protect the newborn
- B. It contains more calories than mature milk
- C. It prevents all newborn infections during the first month
- D. It supplies enough iron for the first year of life
Explanation: Colostrum contains immunoglobulins and other protective factors that support the newborn's immature immune system.
Correct answer: It is rich in antibodies and helps protect the newborn- A. Offer only diluted fruit juice between breastfeeds
- B. Offer soft mashed foods with increasing texture and variety
- C. Offer unmodified cow's milk as the main drink
- D. Offer tea with meals to improve appetite
Explanation: By 10 months, the child should receive varied, energy-dense family foods with gradually increasing texture, while breastfeeding continues.
Correct answer: Offer soft mashed foods with increasing texture and variety- A. Only the foods the child likes most
- B. All foods, drinks, portions, and times consumed
- C. Only the number of meals eaten outside the home
- D. Only the family's estimate of the child's appetite
Explanation: A 24-hour recall is useful only when it includes all foods and drinks, approximate amounts, and the time of intake.
Correct answer: All foods, drinks, portions, and times consumed- A. Wasting from recent or acute undernutrition
- B. Stunting from long-term undernutrition
- C. Isolated iodine deficiency with goitre
- D. Excess body weight from overnutrition
Explanation: Low weight-for-height indicates wasting, which commonly reflects acute or recent undernutrition.
Correct answer: Wasting from recent or acute undernutrition- A. Reassure the caregiver because the child has no fever
- B. Review feeding, illness history, and the growth trend
- C. Start an iron injection without further assessment
- D. Advise stopping breastfeeding until weight improves
Explanation: A weight plateau requires assessment of the complete growth trend, feeding practices, and recent illness before planning care.
Correct answer: Review feeding, illness history, and the growth trend- A. Stop solid foods until the stools become normal
- B. Continue breastfeeding and offer small frequent meals
- C. Give only clear fluids for the next several days
- D. Replace meals with sweetened carbonated drinks
Explanation: Breastfeeding and age-appropriate foods should continue during diarrhoea, with small frequent meals if appetite is reduced.
Correct answer: Continue breastfeeding and offer small frequent meals- A. Bleeding gums and poor wound healing
- B. Night blindness and Bitot spots
- C. Widened wrists and delayed dentition
- D. Neck swelling with reduced thyroid function
Explanation: Vitamin C deficiency can cause bleeding gums, poor wound healing, and increased bruising because collagen formation is impaired.
Correct answer: Bleeding gums and poor wound healing- A. Serve the meal with tea after eating
- B. Add a vitamin C-rich food such as orange or guava
- C. Give the meal with a large glass of milk
- D. Cook the meal only with extra salt
Explanation: Vitamin C improves absorption of non-haem iron from plant foods, so fruit such as orange or guava can be served with the meal.
Correct answer: Add a vitamin C-rich food such as orange or guava- A. Begin large high-calorie meals immediately
- B. Start prescribed feeds cautiously and monitor the child closely
- C. Withhold all feeds for 24 hours to rest the intestine
- D. Give a high-protein diet without checking clinical status
Explanation: Children with severe undernutrition require cautious, prescribed feeding with close monitoring during initial rehabilitation.
Correct answer: Start prescribed feeds cautiously and monitor the child closely- A. Less than 11.5 cm
- B. 11.5 to 12.4 cm
- C. 12.5 to 13.4 cm
- D. 13.5 to 14.4 cm
Explanation: A MUAC below 11.5 cm indicates severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6 to 59 months.
Correct answer: Less than 11.5 cm- A. Stunting from chronic undernutrition
- B. Wasting from recent weight loss
- C. Overweight from excess energy intake
- D. Oedematous malnutrition from protein deficiency
Explanation: Low height-for-age indicates stunting, which usually reflects chronic or repeated undernutrition.
Correct answer: Stunting from chronic undernutrition- A. Offer thicker mashed foods with greater nutrient density
- B. Replace breast milk with diluted fruit juice
- C. Give only clear soup until the first birthday
- D. Delay solid foods until the child grows more teeth
Explanation: Thick mashed foods provide more energy and nutrients in a small stomach than watery rice water.
Correct answer: Offer thicker mashed foods with greater nutrient density- A. Sit with the child and encourage slow, supervised feeding
- B. Place the child flat to reduce movement during feeding
- C. Allow the child to eat alone so appetite develops
- D. Stop feeding when the child takes the first mouthful
Explanation: The child should be seated upright and supervised during feeding to reduce choking risk and support responsive feeding.
Correct answer: Sit with the child and encourage slow, supervised feeding- A. Assess feeding history and check the child's health
- B. Start a high-calorie supplement without assessment
- C. Reassure the caregiver because one weight is normal
- D. Restrict fluids to increase appetite at mealtimes
Explanation: A downward crossing of growth lines may indicate growth faltering and requires assessment of intake, illness, feeding technique and social…
Correct answer: Assess feeding history and check the child's health- A. Lentils served with rice
- B. Tea served with biscuits
- C. Boiled potato served with cucumber
- D. Sugar mixed with diluted fruit juice
Explanation: Combining legumes such as lentils with cereals such as rice improves the overall amino acid pattern and supplies useful protein.
Correct answer: Lentils served with rice- A. Zinc
- B. Fluoride
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Sodium bicarbonate
Explanation: Zinc supplementation, together with oral rehydration and continued feeding, helps reduce the duration and severity of childhood diarrhoea…
Correct answer: Zinc- A. Lentils with tomato and lemon
- B. White bread with clarified butter
- C. Rice pudding with added sugar
- D. Cucumber with plain yoghurt
Explanation: Lentils provide non-haem iron, and tomato or lemon supplies vitamin C that improves its absorption.
Correct answer: Lentils with tomato and lemon- A. Gradually introduce mashed and soft lumpy foods
- B. Continue only strained liquids until chewing teeth appear
- C. Add extra water so the liquids are easier to swallow
- D. Stop complementary foods and give breast milk alone
Explanation: Soft mashed and lumpy foods should be introduced gradually during complementary feeding to develop oral skills and provide adequate…
Correct answer: Gradually introduce mashed and soft lumpy foods- A. Provide recommended vitamin D intake and safe sunlight exposure
- B. Avoid all outdoor activity to protect the child's bones
- C. Give extra vitamin A whenever the child has poor appetite
- D. Replace milk and meals with sweetened fruit drinks
Explanation: Adequate vitamin D from recommended dietary or supplement sources, together with safe sunlight exposure, supports calcium absorption and…
Correct answer: Provide recommended vitamin D intake and safe sunlight exposure