All Free Paediatric Nursing MCQs with Answers

Every Paediatric Nursing question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.

350 questions · page 3 of 18

Hard
  • A. Administer the antibiotic and observe the child closely
  • B. Withhold the dose and clarify and document the allergy
  • C. Ask the parent to choose a different antibiotic
  • D. Give an antihistamine before administering the antibiotic

Explanation: The nurse must clarify and document the reported allergy before giving the medicine.

Correct answer: Withhold the dose and clarify and document the allergy
Moderate
  • A. Measure all vital signs while the child is crying
  • B. Allow the child to settle, then measure and record the findings
  • C. Ask the parent to hold the child firmly during measurement
  • D. Record the values as normal because crying affects all children

Explanation: Crying can temporarily increase the pulse, respiratory rate and blood pressure.

Correct answer: Allow the child to settle, then measure and record the findings
  • A. Ask an older sibling to translate the instructions
  • B. Use a trained medical interpreter for communication
  • C. Speak slowly and repeat the instructions louder
  • D. Give the parent written instructions in English

Explanation: A trained medical interpreter supports accurate communication and informed participation in care.

Correct answer: Use a trained medical interpreter for communication
Moderate
  • A. Assume the pain is relieved if the child is quiet
  • B. Reassess pain using the same age-appropriate method
  • C. Repeat the dose immediately if the child remains in bed
  • D. Stop observing the wound once the medicine is given

Explanation: Pain should be reassessed using the same suitable pain scale so that the response to treatment can be evaluated.

Correct answer: Reassess pain using the same age-appropriate method
Very hard
  • A. Weigh the child at different times each day
  • B. Record the child’s weight at the same time each day
  • C. Measure the child’s height after every fluid change
  • D. Estimate hydration from the child’s appetite alone

Explanation: Daily weight measured under similar conditions is a sensitive indicator of fluid gain or loss.

Correct answer: Record the child’s weight at the same time each day
Hard
  • A. Offer oral fluids and recheck after one hour
  • B. Document the findings at the end of the shift
  • C. Assess circulation and immediately notify the nurse in charge
  • D. Provide a quiet activity to reduce the child’s anxiety

Explanation: The combination of tachycardia, pallor, cool extremities and delayed capillary refill suggests impaired circulation and possible shock.

Correct answer: Assess circulation and immediately notify the nurse in charge
Moderate
  • A. Ask the parent to continue the medicines without changes
  • B. Record the medicine names, doses and schedules for prescriber review
  • C. Place the medicines in the bedside locker for later use
  • D. Stop all home medicines until the child leaves hospital

Explanation: Home medicines must be identified, including their dose, route and timing, and checked against the hospital prescription.

Correct answer: Record the medicine names, doses and schedules for prescriber review
  • A. Breastfeeding should stop until discharge from hospital
  • B. Breastfeeding may continue if the infant and mother are clinically able
  • C. Breastfeeding should be replaced with water between feeds
  • D. Breastfeeding is permitted only after every medicine is stopped

Explanation: Continuing breastfeeding supports nutrition, hydration, comfort and the parent-child relationship when there is no clinical…

Correct answer: Breastfeeding may continue if the infant and mother are clinically able
Moderate
  • A. Tell the child that the parent has already decided
  • B. Explain the procedure in simple language and invite questions
  • C. Ask the child to leave all decisions to the healthcare team
  • D. Avoid discussing the procedure to prevent additional fear

Explanation: Children should receive developmentally appropriate information and be involved in decisions as much as possible.

Correct answer: Explain the procedure in simple language and invite questions
Moderate
  • A. Give the caregiver written instructions without discussion
  • B. Ask the caregiver to repeat the medicine and follow-up plan
  • C. Tell the caregiver to contact the ward only if problems become severe
  • D. Advise the caregiver to use the previous home routine without changes

Explanation: Teach-back checks whether the caregiver can explain and follow the plan, rather than merely receiving written information.

Correct answer: Ask the caregiver to repeat the medicine and follow-up plan
  • A. Exclusive breastfeeding without water or other foods
  • B. Breastfeeding with regular diluted fruit juice
  • C. Formula feeding with added cereal from birth
  • D. Breastfeeding with animal milk after one month

Explanation: Exclusive breastfeeding means giving only breast milk, including no water, for the first 6 months when possible.

Correct answer: Exclusive breastfeeding without water or other foods
  • A. Offer thick, mashed foods while continuing breastfeeding
  • B. Give only clear soup until the child is one year old
  • C. Replace breast milk with diluted cow's milk
  • D. Add salt and sugar to every meal for extra energy

Explanation: At about 6 months, breast milk is continued while thick, mashed, nutrient-dense complementary foods are introduced gradually.

Correct answer: Offer thick, mashed foods while continuing breastfeeding
  • A. Severe wasting with marked loss of subcutaneous fat
  • B. Bilateral pitting oedema with a rounded face
  • C. Generalised oedema with fatty liver enlargement
  • D. Depigmented hair with a flaky skin rash

Explanation: Marasmus is severe energy deficiency causing extreme wasting and loss of fat and muscle, usually without oedema.

Correct answer: Severe wasting with marked loss of subcutaneous fat
  • A. Kwashiorkor
  • B. Marasmus
  • C. Iron deficiency anaemia
  • D. Vitamin D deficiency

Explanation: Kwashiorkor is severe protein deficiency and commonly presents with bilateral oedema, hair changes, apathy, and skin abnormalities.

Correct answer: Kwashiorkor
Easy
  • A. Vitamin A deficiency
  • B. Iron deficiency
  • C. Vitamin D deficiency
  • D. Iodine deficiency

Explanation: Night blindness and xerosis of the conjunctiva are early signs of vitamin A deficiency.

Correct answer: Vitamin A deficiency
Moderate
  • A. Give iron-rich foods with a source of vitamin C
  • B. Give tea with meals to improve iron absorption
  • C. Use mainly polished rice and refined flour
  • D. Avoid meat, pulses, and green leafy vegetables

Explanation: Meat, pulses, and green leafy vegetables provide iron, while vitamin C improves absorption of non-haem iron.

Correct answer: Give iron-rich foods with a source of vitamin C
  • A. Vitamin D deficiency
  • B. Vitamin A deficiency
  • C. Iron deficiency
  • D. Iodine deficiency

Explanation: These findings are typical of rickets caused by impaired bone mineralisation, most often related to vitamin D deficiency.

Correct answer: Vitamin D deficiency
Easy
  • A. Iodine deficiency
  • B. Vitamin C deficiency
  • C. Iron deficiency
  • D. Vitamin D deficiency

Explanation: Iodine deficiency can enlarge the thyroid, producing goitre, and can impair brain development and learning.

Correct answer: Iodine deficiency
Very hard
  • A. The child is underweight for age
  • B. The child has wasting for height
  • C. The child has stunting for age
  • D. The child has nutritional oedema

Explanation: Weight-for-age below the expected range indicates underweight, but it cannot by itself distinguish wasting from stunting.

Correct answer: The child is underweight for age
  • A. Check blood glucose and prevent further heat loss
  • B. Start vigorous exercise to improve muscle strength
  • C. Give a large high-protein meal immediately
  • D. Restrict fluids to prevent nutritional oedema

Explanation: Lethargy and cold skin in severe malnutrition may indicate hypoglycaemia and hypothermia, both life-threatening problems.

Correct answer: Check blood glucose and prevent further heat loss