Free Cardiovascular Drugs MCQs with Answers

• A. These agents decrease transmembrane calcium current associated in a smooth muscle with long-lasting relaxation
• B. and in a cardiac muscle with a reduction in contractility
• C. These agents has a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings
• D. Beneficial effects of these agents are related primarily to their hemodynamic effects - decreased heart rate, blood
• E. pressure, and contractility - which decrease myocardial oxygen requirements at rest and during exercise
• F. These agents increase the permeability of K channels, probably ATP-dependent K channels, that results in stabilizing the membrane potential of excitable cells near the resting potential Drugs & Medications

Explanation: Potassium-channel openers increase K⁺ permeability, often through ATP-sensitive channels, causing membrane hyperpolarisation and…

• A. Fever
• B. Post myocardial infarction
• C. Venous thrombosis
• D. Gout

Explanation: Aspirin is useful as an antipyretic and for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction, while low-dose antiplatelet therapy may…

• A. peptic ulcer
• B. Bleeding defects
• C. Carcinoma
• D. A & B

Explanation: Prolonged aspirin use inhibits protective gastric prostaglandins, promoting peptic ulceration, and irreversibly impairs platelet…

• A. Agranulocytosis
• B. Hemolytic anemia
• C. Aplastic anemia
• D. Hypoprothrombinemia

Explanation: Aspirin can cause hypoprothrombinemia, especially at high doses or with prolonged use, by interfering with vitamin K-dependent clotting…

• A. Vitamin K
• B. Barbiturates
• C. Acetominophen
• D. Acetyl salicylic acid

Explanation: Aspirin irreversibly inhibits platelet cyclooxygenase, reducing thromboxane A2 and prolonging bleeding or clotting-related tests.

• A. It inhibits thromboxanes
• B. It stimulates Prostacyclins
• C. It is a vasodilator
• D. Ithelps in reducing inflammatory aggregate

Explanation: Low-dose aspirin irreversibly blocks platelet thromboxane A2 synthesis, reducing platelet aggregation and the risk of further coronary…

• A. Indomenthacin
• B. Salicylates
• C. Dypyradimole
• D. Phenobarbitone

Explanation: Indomethacin, aspirin and related salicylates inhibit platelet thromboxane-dependent aggregation, while dipyridamole also has antiplatelet…

• A. It delay onset of labour
• B. Causes pulmonary hypertension of newborn
• C. Readily croses placental barrier
• D. All of these

Explanation: Salicylates cross the placenta and, particularly late in pregnancy, may delay labour and increase the risk of premature closure of the…

• A. Aspirin
• B. Paracetamol
• C. Diclofenac sodium
• D. Ibuprofen

Explanation: Paracetamol is generally safe in heart failure at therapeutic doses because it does not significantly promote sodium and water retention.

• A. Trannic acid
• B. Gelatin foam
• C. Adrenaline
• D. Vitamin-K

Explanation: Tranexamic acid, gelatin foam and adrenaline can be applied locally to reduce bleeding.

• A. It does not produce reflex tachycardia
• B. It is less potent as a coronary vasodilator
• C. It is contraindicated in patients with supraventicular tachycardia
• D. It can cause constipation

Explanation: Verapamil is used to terminate or prevent some supraventricular tachycardias, so it is not generally contraindicated in SVT; it is…

• A. It causes excertion of Na & Cl
• B. It is used as an adjunct in epilepsy
• C. It is very potent
• D. It causes metabolic alkalosis

Explanation: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors cause renal loss of bicarbonate, sodium and chloride, producing metabolic acidosis rather than alkalosis.

• A. Spironolactone
• B. Bumetainde
• C. Triamtrence
• D. Amelioride

Explanation: Bumetanide is a loop diuretic and increases potassium loss, unlike spironolactone, triamterene and amiloride, which conserve potassium.

• A. cAMP
• B. cGMP
• C. PDE-5
• D. PGI2

Explanation: Sildenafil selectively inhibits phosphodiesterase-5, preventing cGMP breakdown and thereby prolonging smooth-muscle relaxation.

• A. Plasmin
• B. Acetylsalicylic acid
• C. Heparin
• D. Prothrombin

Explanation: Heparin is a highly sulfated mucopolysaccharide glycosaminoglycan stored in mast cells, including those in the liver.

• A. High K+ levels
• B. High Ca2+ levels
• C. High Na+ levels
• D. Low K+ levels

Explanation: Hypokalaemia enhances digoxin binding to Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase and increases ectopic automaticity, predisposing to arrhythmias.

• A. Digoxin
• B. Digitoxin
• C. Ergotoxine
• D. Gitoxin

Explanation: Digoxin, digitoxin and gitoxin are cardiac glycosides. Ergotoxine is an ergot alkaloid, not a cardiac glycoside.

• A. NIfedipine
• B. Isosobide dinitrate
• C. Verapamil
• D. Digoxin

Explanation: Among these options, nifedipine is the traditional answer for lowering markedly elevated blood pressure, although immediate-release…

• A. Increasing A-V conduction
• B. Decreasing cardiac excitability
• C. Increasing cardiac conduction velocity
• D. Increasing spontaneous pacemaker activity

Explanation: Lidocaine blocks fast sodium channels in cardiac tissue, reducing abnormal automaticity and cardiac excitability, particularly in…

• A. Amiodarone
• B. Phenytoin
• C. Verapamil
• D. Disorpyamide

Explanation: Verapamil undergoes substantial hepatic first-pass metabolism, so its oral bioavailability is much lower than its parenteral availability.