Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
Last updated
Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 52 of 124
- A. 2,2
- B. 2,4
- C. 4,4
- D. 4,2
Explanation: Number of centrioles after completion of the G2 phase and during the metaphase of mitosis is 4 and 4 respectively.
Correct answer: 4,41022. Which of the following cell organelle can be viewed with the help of high power light microscope?
- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Golgi apparatus
Explanation: Due to large size of mitochondria as compared to endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and ribosomes, it can be visualized easily with…
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. RBC (Red Blood Cell)
- B. Muscle cell
- C. Mesophyll cell
- D. E.coli
Explanation: Muscle cells are highly active and require substantial amounts of ATP for contraction, which necessitates a high number of mitochondria.
Correct answer: Muscle cell- A. Golgi Apparatus
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
- D. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
Explanation: The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) is the correct answer because it is directly connected to the nuclear membrane.
Correct answer: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)- A. Formation and breakdown of nuclear envelope
- B. Formation of ribosomes
- C. Formation of centromere
- D. Organization of spindle during nuclear division
Explanation: The nucleolus is the darkly stained area within the nucleus without any membranous boundary to separate it from the rest of the nuclear…
Correct answer: Formation of ribosomes- A. Lysosome
- B. Nucleolus
- C. Nucleoplasm
- D. Ribosomes
Explanation: The correct answer is the nucleolus, as it is specifically responsible for synthesizing and assembling rRNA and ribosomal proteins into…
Correct answer: Nucleolus- A. Prokaryotic cells are bigger than eukaryotic cells.
- B. Prokaryotic cells came before eukaryotic cells.
- C. Eukaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
- D. Eukaryotic cells are simple, prokaryotic cells are complex.
Explanation: Prokaryotic cells may have arisen more than 3.5 billion years ago while eukaryotes are thought to have first appeared about 1.5 billion…
Correct answer: Prokaryotic cells came before eukaryotic cells.- A. Prokaryotes cannot undergo cell division
- B. Prokaryotes have no DNA
- C. Prokaryotes do not have internal membranes bound organelles
- D. Prokaryotes have no cytosol
Explanation: The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that prokaryotes do not have internal membrane-bound organelles, such as a…
Correct answer: Prokaryotes do not have internal membranes bound organelles- A. Absence of nucleus
- B. Cell wall
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Cytoplasmic Streaming movement
Explanation: The distinguishing feature of prokaryotic cells is their absence of a nucleus, meaning that their genetic material is not enclosed within…
Correct answer: Absence of nucleus- A. Golgi Apparatus
- B. Polysome
- C. Plasma membrane
- D. None of these
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus is an organelle known for its role in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or use…
Correct answer: Golgi Apparatus- A. Tubulin
- B. Actin
- C. Myosin
- D. Troponin
Explanation: The correct answer is Tubulin. Tubulin is the building block of microtubules, which are crucial for forming spindle fibers during cell…
Correct answer: Tubulin- A. Ribosomes
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus is the organelle primarily responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion.
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. Grana
- B. Thylakoids
- C. Stroma
- D. Cisternae
Explanation: The correct answer is Grana. Grana are integral structures within chloroplasts, consisting of stacks of thylakoids where the…
Correct answer: Grana- A. Mitochondria
- B. Vacuole
- C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Mitochondria are responsible for fatty acid catabolism, while lipid synthesis takes place in the SER.
Correct answer: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Nucleolus
- C. Golgi complex
- D. Chromosomes
Explanation: The nucleolus is the specialized structure within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized and stored.
Correct answer: Nucleolus- A. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
- B. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
- C. Chloroplast
- D. Golgi Apparatus
Explanation: Lysosomal enzymes are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) because it contains ribosomes that are essential for protein…
Correct answer: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)- A. Endocytosis
- B. Exocytosis
- C. Hydrolysis
- D. Autophagy
Explanation: Autophagy is essential for cellular maintenance as it involves the degradation and recycling of unnecessary or damaged cellular components…
Correct answer: Autophagy- A. 9
- B. 27
- C. 3
- D. 12
Explanation: The correct answer is 9 because each centriole is composed of nine triplet sets of microtubules arranged in a circular pattern, commonly…
Correct answer: 9- A. Plasma membrane
- B. Golgi complex
- C. Cytoskeleton
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: The Golgi complex is the correct answer because it is the organelle responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids…
Correct answer: Golgi complex- A. Ribosomes
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Nucleus
- D. Centriole
Explanation: The correct answer is mitochondria. Mitochondria are crucial for cellular energy production, as they generate ATP through cellular…
Correct answer: Mitochondria