The process by which unwanted substances within the cell are engulfed and digested within the lysosome is known as:
Correct answer: D. Autophagy
- A. Endocytosis
- B. Exocytosis
- C. Hydrolysis
- D. Autophagy
Explanation
Autophagy is essential for cellular maintenance as it involves the degradation and recycling of unnecessary or damaged cellular components through lysosomes. This process ensures cellular health and homeostasis. Endocytosis and exocytosis, on the other hand, are related to the transport of substances into and out of the cell, respectively, and do not deal with the internal cleanup. Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction and not specific to cellular digestion processes.
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Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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