Cell Structure and Function MCQs

Question 1

Cisternae of Golgi apparatus are formed by the fusion of vesicles. These vesicles are bud-off from the

Accepted Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Plasma membrane

Answer

Nuclear membrane

Question 2

A researcher wants to know the effect of magnesium ions on the function of cell organelles. He/ She grows some eukaryotic cells in a medium which lacks magnesium ions.Which of the following functions will be interrupted in these cells?

Accepted Answer

Assembling of ribosomal subunits during protein synthesis

Answer

Secretion of hydrolytic enzymes by lysosomes

Answer

Production of ATP by mitochondria

Answer

Coiling of DNA during cell division

Question 3

Which of the following functions are performed by peroxisomes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They oxidize hydrogen peroxide

Answer

They store nucleic acids

Answer

They convert fat into carbohydrates

Answer

They facilitate the process of cell division

Question 4

In a Eukaryotic cell, all of the following are the functions of centrioles EXCEPT that they

Accepted Answer

It serves as the site of connection between sister chromatids.

Answer

Help in the cell division of animal cells

Answer

Help to determine the location of the nucleus within the cell

Answer

Organise microtubules that serve as the cell's skeletal system.

Question 5

Centrifugation is a technique that involves the use of centrifugal force for the separation of

Accepted Answer

Organelles on the basis of their density

Answer

Bacteria on the basis of Gram staining

Answer

Bological molecules on the basis of their polarity

Answer

Chlorophyll pigments on the basis of their ability to absorb light

Question 6

Human pancreatic cells synthesise digestive enzymes in large quantity due to the presence of a large number of

Accepted Answer

Golgi bodies

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Question 7

Cyclosis, the movement of cytoplasm is controlled by:

Accepted Answer

Microfilaments

Answer

Microtubules

Answer

intermediate filaments

Answer

Myosin filaments

Question 8

The organelle which will be more active in liver cells after alcohol intake is

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Glyoxisome

Answer

Polysome

Question 9

Most scientists subscribe to the theory of endosymbiosis to explain the presence of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. According to the theory of endosymbiosis, early pre-eukaryotic cells phagocytosed free living prokaryotes, but failed to digest them. As a result, these prokaryotes remained in residence in the pre-eukaryotes, and continued to generate energy. The host cells were able to use this energy to gain a selective advantage over their competitors, and eventually the energy-producing prokaryotes became mitochondria. In many ways, mitochondria are different from other cellular organelles, and these differences puzzled scientists for many years. The theory of endosymbiosis concisely explains a number of these observations about mitochondria. Perhaps most of all, the theory explains why aerobic metabolism is entirely limited to this one organelle, while other kinds of metabolism are more distributed in the cellular cytosol.Many organisms have evolved the use of an uncoupling protein, UCP1. UCP1 is able to generate heat for animals that must live in the cold, and exerts its effect in the mitochondria. UCP1 functions similarly to ATP synthase, in that it allows protons out of the intermembrane space and into the mitochondrial matrix, but generates energy in the form of heat instead of ATP. Where are we most likely to find UCP1?

Accepted Answer

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Answer

Intramembranous space

Answer

Outer membrane of the mitochondrion

Answer

Mitochondrial matrix

Question 10

Most scientists subscribe to the theory of endosymbiosis to explain the presence of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. According to the theory of endosymbiosis, early pre-eukaryotic cells phagocytosed free living prokaryotes, but failed to digest them. As a result, these prokaryotes remained in residence in the pre-eukaryotes, and continued to generate energy. The host cells were able to use this energy to gain a selective advantage over their competitors, and eventually the energy-producing prokaryotes became mitochondria.In many ways, mitochondria are different from other cellular organelles, and these differences puzzled scientists for many years. The theory of endosymbiosis concisely explains a number of these observations about mitochondria. Perhaps most of all, the theory explains why aerobic metabolism is entirely limited to this one organelle, while other kinds of metabolism are more distributed in the cellular cytosol.A scientist is presenting her evidence in support of the theory of endosymbiosis. Which of the following assertions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria have the full genetic complement of prokaryotes

Answer

Mitochondria have their own ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria have a double membrane

Answer

Mitochondria have a reduced genome

Question 11

Follow the route of pepsinogen secreted by zymogen cells:

Accepted Answer

RER → SER → Golgi complex → Secretory vesicles

Answer

SER → Mitochondria → Golgi complex → Secretory vesicles

Answer

SER → RER → Golgi complex → Secretory vesicle

Answer

Golgi complex → RER → SER → Secretory vesicles

Question 12

Why do ribosomes require Mg²+ ions?

Accepted Answer

To stabilize the ribosomal structure

Answer

To synthesize protein

Answer

To transport amino acid to ribosome

Answer

To develop mRNA molecules

Answer

To break down RNA molecules

Question 13

Which one of the following type of plastids helps in pollination and seed dispersal?

Accepted Answer

Chromoplast

Answer

Amyloplast

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Leucoplast

Question 14

Jameel identifies Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by using the Gram staining technique. After the completion of the whole procedure, he observed under the microscope that the Gram-positive bacteria were stained purple (violet) and Gram-negative bacteria were red (pink) in colour.The reason for this difference in staining is that the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria contains a layer that retains in staining.This layer is composed the purple crystal violet stain

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Answer

Lipoprotein

Answer

Cellulose

Answer

Hemicellulose

Question 15

Mitosis is divided into:

Accepted Answer

Both (A) and (D)

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Interphase

Answer

Karyokinesis

Question 16

The interphase of meiosis lacks:

Accepted Answer

G2 phase

Answer

G1 phase

Answer

Interphase

Answer

None of these

Question 17

In humans, the number of tetrads formed during mitosis is

Accepted Answer

0

Answer

23

Answer

46

Answer

92

Question 18

The power of a microscope by which we can distinguish two closely located points is termed as:

Accepted Answer

Resolution

Answer

Magnification

Answer

Fixation

Answer

Electrophoresis

Answer

Ultracentrifugation

Question 19

Pancreas produces secretory granules that help in digestion. These granules, after passing through Endoplasmic reticulum, are pinched off from _ surface of Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Maturing phase

Answer

Forming phase

Answer

Cis-end

Answer

None of these

Question 20

The place of centromere where spindle fibres get attached is?

Accepted Answer

Kinetochore

Answer

Telomere

Answer

Centromere region

Answer

All of these

Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers