Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 71 of 124
- A. Leucoplast-Carotene
- B. Elaioplast-Oils
- C. Amyloplast-Starch
- D. Aleuroplasts-Proteins
Explanation: In context of leucoplasts, carotenes are not typically present because leucoplast are non-pigment organelles, and carotenes on the other…
Correct answer: Leucoplast-Carotene- A. Thylakoids
- B. Cristae
- C. Oxysomes
- D. Cisternae
Explanation: Option D is correct because cisternae are the functional unit of golgi body which is repsonsible for the processing, sorting an…
Correct answer: Cisternae- A. lons
- B. Soluble Lipids
- C. Proteins
- D. Starch
Explanation: Soluble lipids have the highest likelihood of crossing the plasma membrane more easily due to them being easily diffusable .
Correct answer: Soluble Lipids- A. Golgi bodies
- B. Vacuoles
- C. SER
- D. Nucleus
Explanation: Secretory granules are indeed involved in the process of vesicle budding from the Golgi apparatus, but it's essential to clarify the…
Correct answer: Golgi bodies1405. What is polysome?
- A. Group of mRNAs and one ribosome
- B. Many ribosomes and many mRNAs
- C. mRNA + rRNA + tRNA + ribosome
- D. One mRNA and many ribosomes
Explanation: A polysome, also known as a polyribosome, is a complex of multiple ribosomes simultaneously translating a single mRNA molecule in…
Correct answer: One mRNA and many ribosomes- A. Ribosome
- B. Centriole
- C. Lysosome
- D. Mitochondrion
Explanation: Mitochondria are capable of self-replication through a process called mitochondrial fission.
Correct answer: Mitochondrion- A. Centromere
- B. Chromatid
- C. Kinetochore
- D. Nucleosomes
Explanation: A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division.
Correct answer: Chromatid- A. Mitochondria
- B. Glyoxysomes
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Peroxisomes
Explanation: Mitochondria is a double membrane organelles as it has an outer membrane and an inner membrane.
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. Plant cells having phagocytic activity
- B. Protozoa
- C. Bacteria with additional DNA plasmids
- D. Animal cells having phagocytic activity
Explanation: Animal cells to have lysosomes and when there is an infection caused by an external pathogen, the immune system is activated and the…
Correct answer: Animal cells having phagocytic activity- A. Tay-Sachs disease
- B. Glycogenosis type II
- C. Glycogenosis type I
- D. Phenylketonuria
Explanation: In Tay-Sachs disease, lipid storage refers to the abnormal accumulation of a specific lipid within the nerve cells of the brain andspinal…
Correct answer: Tay-Sachs disease- A. Primary lysosomes
- B. Secondary lysosomes
- C. Tertiary lysosomes
- D. Autophagosome
Explanation: Autophagy is a catabolic process in eukaryotic cells that delivers cytoplasmic components and organelles to the lysosomes for digestion.
Correct answer: Autophagosome- A. Grana
- B. Thylakoids
- C. Stroma
- D. Cisternae
Explanation: Grana are stacks of thylakoids where the light-dependent reactions take place, thylakoids are individual membrane-bound structures…
Correct answer: Grana- A. Penicillium
- B. Adiantum
- C. Bacterium
- D. Polytrichum
Explanation: Option C is correct because bacterium has a cell wall and is made of peptidoglycan.
Correct answer: Bacterium- A. Regulation of material
- B. Active transport
- C. Recognition of substances outside the material
- D. Phagocytosis
Explanation: In phagocytosis, specialized cells called phagocytes, such as macrophages and neutrophils, recognize and engulf large particles, such as…
Correct answer: Phagocytosis- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria functionally resemble mesosomes as they are involved in respiration like mesosomes.
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. Phospholipids
- B. Nucleic acid
- C. Protein
- D. Carbohydrates
Explanation: Carrier-proteins are integral protein particles having a certain affinity for specific solutes.
Correct answer: Protein- A. A cell that is secreting proteins
- B. A cell that digests food particles
- C. A cell producing cytoplasmic enzymes
- D. A cell that enlarges its vacuole
Explanation: Free ribosomes are mainly responsible for synthesizing proteins of different organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, peroxisome, and…
Correct answer: A cell producing cytoplasmic enzymes- A. Replication of DNA
- B. Fatty acid metabolism
- C. Krebs cycle
- D. Fermentation
Explanation: Fermentation is a metabolic process that does not occur in the mitochondria. Instead, it takes place in the cytoplasm of cells.
Correct answer: Fermentation- A. A membrane-bounded nucleus
- B. A cell wall made up of cellulose
- C. Presence of ribosomes
- D. Linear genome
Explanation: Ribosomes are membraneless so they are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Correct answer: Presence of ribosomes- A. Xanthophylls
- B. Carotenoids
- C. Chlorophylls
- D. Anthocyanin
Explanation: Anthocyanins are the water soluble pigments present in the plant cell vacuoles.
Correct answer: Anthocyanin