Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 70 of 124
- A. Primary constriction
- B. Secondary constriction
- C. Centromere
- D. Telomere
Explanation: Some chromosomes may have a point of union, other than primary constriction, along the length of chromatids.
Correct answer: Secondary constriction- A. A membrane-bounded nucleus
- B. A cell wall made up cellulose
- C. Presence of ribosomes
- D. Linear genome
Explanation: Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes while membrane-bound nucleus, cellulosic cell wall, and linear chromosomes are found…
Correct answer: Presence of ribosomes1383. Cell theory was formulated by Schleiden (1838) and Schwann (1839) which was later modified by:
- A. Robert Whittaker
- B. Madam Curie
- C. Rudolf Virchow
- D. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Explanation: The cell theory, initially formulated by Matthias Schleiden in 1838 and Theodor Schwann in 1839, was later modified by Rudolf Virchow.
Correct answer: Rudolf Virchow- A. Both lipids and proteins can flip-flop
- B. Lipid can rarely flip-flop, proteins cannot
- C. Proteins can flip-flop, lipids can not
- D. Neither lipids nor proteins can flip-flop
Explanation: Lipids can flip-flop, which means that they can move from one leaflet of the membrane to the other.
Correct answer: Lipid can rarely flip-flop, proteins cannot- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: Option A shows the hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid molecules which are facing inwards.
Correct answer: Option A- A. Centrioles, and are unable to undergo cell division
- B. Lysosomes, and are unable to destroy worn-out organelles
- C. Mitochondria, and are unable to obtain energy
- D. Ribosomes, and are unable to manufacture proteins
Explanation: Cells without nucleoli die because they do not possess ribosomes, and are unable to manufacture proteins.
Correct answer: Ribosomes, and are unable to manufacture proteins- A. 4 to 8
- B. 4 to 6
- C. 2 to 6
- D. 2 to 8
Explanation: The number of compartments in any one Golgi apparatus is usually between 4 and 8.
Correct answer: 4 to 8- A. Pancreatic lipase
- B. Salivary amylase
- C. Insulin
- D. DNA helicase
Explanation: DNA helicase, since it is the only one whose final destination is inside the cell.
Correct answer: DNA helicase- A. Mitochondria
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Lysozymes
- D. Ribosomes
Explanation: "Lysosomes" play a vital role in the defense activity of macrophages. Macrophages are immune cells that play a critical role in the body's…
Correct answer: Lysosomes1390. Damage to one of the following immediately kills the cell whether it's prokaryotic or eukaryotic:
- A. Mitochondria
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Cell wall
- D. Golgi apparatus
Explanation: The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a crucial component of all cells.
Correct answer: Cell membrane- A. Active transport
- B. Diffusion
- C. Passive transport
- D. Osmosis
Explanation: The Na+-K+ pump is an integral membrane protein that actively transports Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell, against their…
Correct answer: Active transport- A. Proteins
- B. DNA nucleotides
- C. Enzymes
- D. RNA
Explanation: RNA always passes through the nuclear membrane from the nucleoplasm to the cytoplasm.
Correct answer: RNA- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Glucose and salts
Explanation: Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes that is found in the cytoplasm of cells.
Correct answer: Endoplasmic reticulum- A. Ribosomes
- B. SER
- C. RER
- D. Golgi bodies
Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is involved in various functions, including lipid metabolism, calcium storage, and detoxification.
Correct answer: SER- A. Outer membrane-Smooth
- B. Inner membrane-F1 particles
- C. Outer membrane-Chemiosmosis
- D. Inner membrane-Increases surface arca
Explanation: Chemiosmosis occurs through inner mitochondrial membrane because of the presence of ATP synthase enzyme.
Correct answer: Outer membrane-Chemiosmosis1396. Types of ribosome present in the cytosol and organelles of the eukaryotic cell are respectively:
- A. The 60S and 40S
- B. The 80S and 70S
- C. The 70S and 80S
- D. The 80S and 80S
Explanation: Eukaryotic cells only consist of 70S and 80S ribosomes. 80S ribosomes are present in the cytosol and 70S ribosomes are present on the…
Correct answer: The 80S and 70S- A. I and II only
- B. I and III only
- C. III and IV only
- D. II and III only
Explanation: Plasma B cells would be there as they are proteins so they would be secreted by the RER and packaged by the Golgi bodies.
Correct answer: I and III only- A. Cell wall
- B. Protoplasm
- C. Cellulose
- D. Nuclei
Explanation: In bacteria, the cell wall is made of peptidoglycan, which is a very strong in complex compound that helps in maintaining its structure…
Correct answer: Cell wall- A. Mycoplasma
- B. Protists
- C. Virus
- D. Algae
Explanation: Mycoplasma is a group of bacteria that are unicellular in nature. They are some of the smallest known free-living organisms and lack a…
Correct answer: Mycoplasma- A. Osmosis
- B. Facilitated diffusion
- C. Active transport
- D. Endocytosis
Explanation: Glucose is transported by transporter proteins which act as channels or transporters that facilitate the movement of glucose across the…
Correct answer: Facilitated diffusion