Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 69 of 124
- A. Lysosome
- B. Glyoxysome
- C. Peroxisome
- D. All originate from Golgi complex
Explanation: Certain organelles, such as lysosomes, peroxisomes and glyoxysomes also originate from Golgi complex.
Correct answer: All originate from Golgi complex- A. ER
- B. Golgi complex
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Chloroplast
Explanation: In plant cells during cell division, the Golgi complex also gives rise to vesicles which contain cell wall synthesizing materials.
Correct answer: Golgi complex- A. Grave's disease
- B. Glycogenesis type II disease
- C. Addison's disease
- D. Tay-Sach's disease
Explanation: Storage diseases are due to the absence of lysosomal enzymes. If a lysosomal enzyme responsible for lipid metabolism is absent, it leads…
Correct answer: Tay-Sach's disease- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Mitochondria
- D. SER
Explanation: Tay-Sach's disease is a genetic disorder that results in the destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
Correct answer: Lysosomes1365. Suicidal bags are:
- A. Peroxisomes
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Chloroplast
Explanation: Lysosomes are involved in a process called autolysis which is a type of programmed cell death.
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. CO2 fixation occurs in stroma.
- B. Chloroplasts are self-replicating.
- C. Inter-granum is photosynthetic.
- D. Chloroplasts have 70S ribosomes.
Explanation: Inter-granum is non-green part that connects two grana. The process of photosynthesis does not occur on inter-granum because of absence of…
Correct answer: Inter-granum is photosynthetic.1367. Among followings which cellular organelle contains clrcular DNA similar to those found in bacteria?
- A. Ribosomes
- B. Chloroplast
- C. Lysosome
- D. Nucleus
Explanation: According to the endosymbiotic hypothesis, chloroplasts are believed to be symbiotically originated from bacteria.
Correct answer: Chloroplast- A. 10-30
- B. 40-60
- C. 100-130
- D. 150-180
Explanation: It is a fact. There are about 40-60 grana found in each chloroplast.
Correct answer: 40-60- A. Plasma membrane
- B. Plasmalemma
- C. Endomembrane
- D. Tonoplast
Explanation: The tonoplast is the membrane enclosing the vacuole, also known as the vacuolar membrane. It maintains the turgor pressure of the cell.
Correct answer: Tonoplast- A. Peroxisomes
- B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C. Cytoskeleton
- D. Central vacuole
Explanation: Only plant cells have large central vacuole that provide support and turgidity to the plant cells.
Correct answer: Central vacuole- A. Cristae
- B. Tonoplast
- C. Cisternae
- D. Vacuolar membrane
Explanation: Tonoplast is the membrane that separates vacuole from the cytoplasm.
Correct answer: Tonoplast- A. Mitochondrial matrix
- B. Outer mitochondrial membrane
- C. Inner mitochondrial membrane
- D. Inter-membrane space
Explanation: Fact: ATP synthase are present in the inner mitochondrial membrane at cristae.
Correct answer: Inner mitochondrial membrane- A. Matrix
- B. Stroma
- C. F1 particles
- D. Cristae
Explanation: The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions that take place in the matrix of mitochondria.
Correct answer: Matrix- A. Cristae
- B. Lamella
- C. Cisternae
- D. Matrix
Explanation: The infoldings in the inner membrane of mitochondria are specifically called cristae.
Correct answer: Cristae- A. Plastids
- B. Mitochondria
- C. ER
- D. Nucleus
Explanation: Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. Aerobic cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. F1-particles
- B. Mitoplast
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Ergastoplasm
Explanation: F1-particles are actually ATP synthase enzymes. It is responsible for the generation of ATP through chemiosmosis in mitochondria during…
Correct answer: F1-particles- A. ATP synthetase
- B. ATP synthase
- C. Cytochrome complex
- D. None of these
Explanation: The inner surface of cristae has granular structures called F0-F1 particles. These particles are actually ATP synthase enzymes.
Correct answer: ATP synthase- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. RER
- C. Lysosomes
- D. SER
Explanation: Fact: The rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER) is continuous with the nuclear membrane.
Correct answer: RER- A. About 3,000 per nucleus
- B. About 1-2 per nucleus
- C. About 30,000 per nucleus
- D. About 3-4 per nucleus
Explanation: The number of nuclear pores is more in undifferentiated cells as compared to differentiated cells.
Correct answer: About 3-4 per nucleus- A. Nucleus
- B. Ribosomes
- C. DNA
- D. Cell surface membrane
Explanation: The term 'prokaryotes' is derived from the Greek word 'pro meaning before' and 'karyon meaning nucleus'.
Correct answer: Nucleus