Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 68 of 124
- A. Phospholipid bilayer having scattered proteins
- B. Phospholipid bilayer is enclosed in protein layer
- C. Carbohydrate chains are attached with phospholipid bilayer
- D. In which protein molecules are free to move about in a fluid bilayer of phospholipid molecules
Explanation: The model proposes that the membrane is a phospholipids bilayer in which protein molecules are either partially or wholly embedded.
Correct answer: Phospholipid bilayer having scattered proteins- A. Hydrophobic
- B. Globular
- C. Hydrophilic
- D. Filamentous
Explanation: Hydrophobic ends face each other while hydrophilic ends are appeared on the surface.
Correct answer: Hydrophobic- A. Protection of cytoplasm
- B. Regulating the passage of different molecules
- C. Protein synthesis
- D. Cellular communication
- E. Cellular transportation
Explanation: Protein synthesis is the function of ribosomes.
Correct answer: Protein synthesis- A. Nucleus
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Tonoplast
- D. Chloroplast
Explanation: Tonoplast is the membrane of vacuole found in the center of plant cell, when its membrane breaks, the cell ultimately shrinks or ruptured.
Correct answer: Tonoplast- A. Adenylate cyclase
- B. Cytochrome oxidase
- C. Succinate dehydrogenase
- D. Glucokinase
Explanation: This enzyme is attached with cell membrane of cell and it converts ATP into cyclic AMP.
Correct answer: Adenylate cyclase- A. Receptors
- B. Enzymes
- C. DNA replication
- D. Antigens
Explanation: Receptors, enzymes and antigens all are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell meinbrane.
Correct answer: DNA replication- A. Sol
- B. Gel
- C. Solid
- D. None of these
Explanation: Consistency of cytoplasm is both like sol and gel, but peripheral part is more gel like while central is sol like.
Correct answer: Gel- A. Glycolysis
- B. Transcription
- C. Site of glycogen storage
- D. Translation
Explanation: Cytoplasm is a site for many important biochemical reactions such as glycolysis, protein synthesis etc.
Correct answer: Transcription- A. E. coli
- B. Yeast
- C. C. botulinum
- D. T. pallidum
Explanation: E. coli. C. botulinum and T. pallidum are prokaryotic organisins having 30S smaller ribosomal subunit, while yeast is eukaryotic organism…
Correct answer: Yeast- A. Flagellum
- B. Ribosome
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Nucleoid
Explanation: Presence of ribosomes is one of the common features between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Correct answer: Ribosome- A. Algae
- B. Protozoans
- C. Fungi
- D. Bacteria
Explanation: There are two types of ribosomes in living world. Smaller is 70S that is present in prokaryotes.
Correct answer: Bacteria- A. It can exist only in gel form
- B. It is the region between nucleus and cell membrane
- C. 70% of the cytoplasm is water
- D. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes show cyclosis.
Explanation: Cytoplasm is the region between nucleus and cell membrane. It has both cytosol and cytogel. About 90% of cytoplasm is water.
Correct answer: It is the region between nucleus and cell membrane- A. Calcium storage
- B. Enzyme synthesis
- C. Steroid synthesis
- D. Mechanical support
Explanation: Calcium storage and steroid synthesis is the function of SER, while enzyme synthesis is the function of RER, Mechanical support is…
Correct answer: Enzyme synthesis- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Centriole
- C. Golgi complex
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria are responsible for fatty acid metabolism while lipid synthesis takes place in SER.
Correct answer: Endoplasmic reticulum- A. E.R
- B. Lysosome
- C. Golgi Body
- D. Peroxisome
Explanation: ER is the continuation of the the nuclear membrane.
Correct answer: E.R- A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Golgi complex
Explanation: SER is responsible for lipid metabolism, detoxification, nerve impulse conduction and transport of material in the cell.
Correct answer: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum- A. Metabolism of lipids
- B. Transport of materials
- C. Transmission of impulses
- D. Processing of glycoproteins
Explanation: The processing of thr glycoprotein is carried out by the golgi complex.
Correct answer: Processing of glycoproteins- A. Lysozymes
- B. ATP synthase
- C. Progesterone
- D. Na channels
Explanation: ATP synthases are present in cristae (mitochondria).They are encoded by mitochondrial DNA.
Correct answer: ATP synthase- A. Convex, forming face
- B. Convex, maturing face
- C. Concave, forming face
- D. Concave, maturing face
Explanation: Maturing, concave and inner (trans) face of the Golgi complex is the site from where Golgi vesicles after processing are budded off.
Correct answer: Concave, maturing face- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Peroxisome
- D. Golgi Body
Explanation: The vesicles formed from Golgi complex secrete plant cell wall. The Golgi and plasma membranes are the two main sites where constituents…
Correct answer: Golgi Body