What is polysome?
Correct answer: D. One mRNA and many ribosomes
- A. Group of mRNAs and one ribosome
- B. Many ribosomes and many mRNAs
- C. mRNA + rRNA + tRNA + ribosome
- D. One mRNA and many ribosomes
Explanation
A polysome, also known as a polyribosome, is a complex of multiple ribosomes simultaneously translating a single mRNA molecule in eukaryotic cells. The ribosomes work in a co-ordinated manner to produce multiple copies of the same protein, which allows for efficient and rapid protein synthesis. Polysomes are often found where a high demand for proteins exists. The polysome assembly is facilitated by the fact that mRNA molecules in eukaryotic cells are typically much longer than prokaryotic mRNA, and they remain associated with multiple ribosomes as they are being translated.
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About Cell Structure and Function
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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