Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 24 of 124
- A. A and B
- B. C and D
- C. E and A
- D. B and D
Explanation: Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes that are similar in size and shape.
Correct answer: B and D- A. Telophase
- B. Anaphase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Prophase
Explanation: The term that describes centrioles beginning to move apart in animal cells is "prophase." During prophase of mitosis, the centrioles…
Correct answer: Prophase- A. Telophase
- B. Anaphase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Interphase
Explanation: Interphase is the longest stage of the cell cycle, encompassing the period between cell divisions.
Correct answer: Interphase- A. Telophase
- B. Anaphase
- C. Prometaphase
- D. Metaphase
Explanation: The term that describes centromeres uncoupling, sister chromatids separating, and the two new chromosomes moving to opposite poles of the…
Correct answer: Anaphase- A. Anaphase
- B. Prophase
- C. Telophase
- D. Metaphase
Explanation: Colchicine is a drug that interferes with the assembly of microtubules, which are crucial for the formation of the mitotic spindle.
Correct answer: Metaphase- A. 16
- B. 23
- C. 46
- D. 92
Explanation: In mitosis, the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is identical to the number of chromosomes in the parent cell.
Correct answer: 46- A. Cell membrane synthesis
- B. Spindle fiber formation
- C. Nuclear envelope breakdown
- D. Formation of telophase nuclei
Explanation: Formation of telophase nuclei occurs after anaphase in both mitosis and meiosis.
Correct answer: Formation of telophase nuclei- A. 10
- B. 20
- C. 30
- D. 40
Explanation: If there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase, it indicates that the chromosomes have already undergone separation and are moving…
Correct answer: 10469. Where do the microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells?
- A. Centromere
- B. Centrosome
- C. Centriole
- D. Chromatid
Explanation: During mitosis in both plant and animal cells, the microtubules of the spindle originate from structures called centrosomes (also known as…
Correct answer: Centrosome- A. 2
- B. 4
- C. 8
- D. 16
Explanation: During anaphase of mitosis, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell.
Correct answer: 16- A. A single large nucleus
- B. High concentrations of actin and myosin
- C. Two abnormally small nuclei
- D. Two nuclei
Explanation: If a cell completes mitosis but not cytokinesis, the result would be a cell with two nuclei.
Correct answer: Two nuclei- A. The spindles contain microfibrils in addition to microtubules, whereas animal spindles do not contain microfibrils
- B. Sister chromatids are identical, but they differ from one another in animals
- C. A cell plate begins to form at telophase, whereas in animals a cleavage furrow is initiated at that stage
- D. Chromosomes become attached to the spindle at prophase, whereas in animals chromosomes do not become attached until anaphase
Explanation: One key difference between mitosis and cytokinesis in higher plants and animals is the process by which cytokinesis occurs.
Correct answer: A cell plate begins to form at telophase, whereas in animals a cleavage furrow is initiated at that stage- A. An animal cell in telophase
- B. An animal cell undergoing cytokinesis
- C. A plant cell in metaphase
- D. A plant cell undergoing cytokinesis
Explanation: The formation of a cell plate across the middle of a cell and the re-formation of nuclei at opposite ends of the cell indicate that this…
Correct answer: A plant cell undergoing cytokinesis- A. The fibers of the mitotic spindle
- B. Anaphase
- C. Formation of the centrioles
- D. The S phase of the cell cycle
Explanation: Taxol, an anticancer drug, disrupts microtubule formation by binding to microtubules and stabilizing them, preventing their…
Correct answer: Anaphase- A. Kinetochores
- B. Golgi-derived vesicles
- C. Actin and myosin
- D. Centrioles and basal bodies
Explanation: Golgi-derived vesicles are primarily responsible for cytokinesis in plant cells.
Correct answer: Golgi-derived vesicles- A. Telophase
- B. Prophase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Anaphase
Explanation: Chromosomes first become visible during the prophase stage of mitosis. In prophase, the chromatin condenses and coils tightly, forming…
Correct answer: Prophase- A. From G1 of interphase through metaphase
- B. From metaphase through telophase
- C. From anaphase through telophase
- D. From G2 of interphase through metaphase
Explanation: During the phases of mitosis from G2 of interphase through metaphase, chromosomes are composed of two chromatids.
Correct answer: From G2 of interphase through metaphase- A. Seedless plants
- B. Dinoflagellates
- C. Diatoms
- D. (B) and (C) only
- E. (A), (B) and (C)
Explanation: In seedless plants, which are a group of eukaryotic organisms, the nuclear envelope typically remains intact during mitosis.
Correct answer: Seedless plants- A. G0
- B. G1
- C. S
- D. G2
Explanation: If the nucleus has 6 picograms of DNA, it suggests that it is in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
Correct answer: G2- A. 8; 16
- B. 16; 8
- C. 16; 16
- D. 12; 16
Explanation: If a group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an average of 8 picograms of DNA per…
Correct answer: 16; 16