Where do the microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells?
Correct answer: B. Centrosome
- A. Centromere
- B. Centrosome
- C. Centriole
- D. Chromatid
Explanation
During mitosis in both plant and animal cells, the microtubules of the spindle originate from structures called centrosomes (also known as microtubule-organizing centers or MTOCs). In animal cells, centrosomes consist of a pair of centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material. The centrosomes duplicate during the cell cycle, and each pair of centrosomes migrates to opposite poles of the cell during prophase. From these centrosomes, microtubules radiate outward, forming the mitotic spindle.
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Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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