All Free Analytical and Logical Reasoning MCQs with Answers

151. Statements: All P are Q. All Q are R. Conclusion: Some R are P. This conclusion is

• A. valid
• B. invalid
• C. contradictory
• D. unrelated

Explanation: The chain places P inside R, and since P is a non empty class, it follows that at least some R are P. This move from a universal to a particular is valid in traditional syllogistic logic, which assumes the classes have members. The stronger claim that all R are P would not follow.

152. What will come next? 1, 4, 2, 5, 3, 6, 4, 7, ?

• A. 5
• B. 6
• C. 7
• D. 8

Explanation: Two sequences are interleaved: the terms in the odd positions run 1, 2, 3, 4 and those in the even positions run 4, 5, 6, 7, each rising by one. The next term sits in an odd position, so it continues the first sequence after 4, giving 5. Splitting an irregular looking series into alternate terms is the standard first move.

153. All daffodils are plants. All plants are living things. Some living things are real. Conclusions: I. All daffodils are living things. II. Some living things are flowers. III. All daffodils are real. Which conclusions follow?

• A. Only I
• B. Only I and II
• C. Only II and III
• D. All follow

Explanation: Daffodils sit inside plants and plants inside living things, so the chain gives conclusion I validly. Conclusion II introduces flowers, a term that appears nowhere in the premises, and conclusion III wrongly assumes the some living things that are real must include the daffodils. A valid conclusion may use only the terms the premises supply.

154. One apple pie has 10 slices, and each apple pie feeds five people. Henry is having a party with 200 people. How many slices of pie does he need?

• A. 200
• B. 50
• C. 400
• D. 100

Explanation: Feeding 200 people at five people per pie needs 40 pies, and at 10 slices each that is 400 slices. Equivalently, each person eats two slices, so 200 people need 400. The distractor 200 comes from assuming one slice per person, which contradicts the figures given.

155. How many trees are in the orchard? Which of the statements below are needed to sufficiently answer this question? i. Ibrahim is a farmer and looks after half of the trees in the orchard. ii. 300 trees in the orchard are under Ibrahim's care.

• A. i is enough
• B. ii is enough
• C. Both i and ii are needed
• D. Neither i nor ii are sufficient

Explanation: Statement i gives a fraction with no quantity and statement ii gives a quantity with no fraction, so neither alone determines the total. Together they show 300 is half the orchard, giving 600 trees. Data sufficiency questions ask only whether the answer can be found, not what it is.

156. P and Q are M's parents. M and N are siblings. Q is N's mother. What is P to M?

• A. Mother
• B. Father
• C. Sister
• D. Brother

Explanation: P and Q are the two parents, and Q is identified as the mother, so P must be the father. M and N being siblings simply confirms that both children share the same pair of parents. Sister and brother describe the wrong generation entirely, since P is a parent.

157. Asad bought 50 packets of biscuits for the price of Rs. 500, whereas Anum bought 25 packets of chips for the price of Rs. 1000. While comparing the prices of packets of biscuits and packet of chips, which of the following statements is correct?

• A. Price of 4 packets of biscuits is equal to the price of 1 packet of chips
• B. Price of 1 packet of biscuits is equal to the price of 4 packets of chips
• C. Price of 2 packets of biscuits is equal to the price of 1 packet of chips
• D. Price of 1 packet of biscuits is equal to the price of 2 packets of chips

Explanation: A packet of biscuits costs 500 divided by 50, that is Rs. 10, and a packet of chips costs 1000 divided by 25, that is Rs. 40, so one packet of chips equals four packets of biscuits. Reducing both to a unit price before comparing is what makes the ratio obvious. The reversed options describe biscuits as the more expensive item, which the arithmetic contradicts.

158. The virus spreads rapidly in the town. It infected the people - First day: 8, Second day: 16, Third day: 32. What will be the number of people infected on the next day?

• A. 44 people
• B. 56 people
• C. 64 people
• D. 74 people

Explanation: Each figure is double the one before, so the growth is geometric rather than arithmetic and the next term is 32 multiplied by 2, giving 64. Looking for a constant difference instead would suggest adding 16 to reach 48, which fits none of the options. Checking whether a series grows by a fixed amount or a fixed factor is always the first step.

159. Which of the following is a result of poor design that could cause an accident in the workplace?

• A. Equipment failure
• B. Slippery surfaces
• C. Insufficient lighting
• D. Unplanned workspace layout

Explanation: Layout is decided at the design stage, so an unplanned arrangement of the workspace is a design fault in a way that the other hazards are not. Equipment failure points to maintenance, slippery surfaces to housekeeping and poor lighting to the working environment. The question is asking which hazard traces back to how the workplace was planned rather than how it is run.

160. Which of the following is the main cause of accidents involving equipment?

• A. Overconfidence
• B. Insufficient maintenance
• C. Fatigue
• D. Poor training

Explanation: Where the accident involves the equipment itself, the usual root cause is that the machine was not serviced, inspected or repaired on schedule, so a fault developed unnoticed. Overconfidence, fatigue and poor training are human factors, and they cause accidents through the operator rather than through the equipment. Matching the cause to what the question specifies is the whole task here.