All Free Veterinary Science MCQs with Answers

• A. Calcium phosphate
• B. Glycogen granules
• C. Bilirubin crystals
• D. Triglycerides

Explanation: Fatty change, or hepatic steatosis, is the accumulation of triglycerides within hepatocytes.

• A. Closely apposed clean edges
• B. Widely separated infected edges
• C. Extensive tissue loss and granulation
• D. A large necrotic wound bed

Explanation: First-intention healing occurs when clean wound edges are closely apposed, allowing limited granulation tissue and a small scar.

• A. Hepatocytes and Kupffer cells
• B. Neurons of the central nervous system
• C. Renal tubular epithelium
• D. Skeletal muscle fibres

Explanation: Negri bodies are eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies found in neurons during rabies infection, especially in the hippocampus…

• A. Lymphocytes
• B. Eosinophils
• C. Neutrophils
• D. Plasma cells

Explanation: Neutrophils are rapidly recruited from blood and dominate most early acute inflammatory responses.

• A. Formation from hydrostatic pressure
• B. Clearer fluid appearance
• C. Lower cellular content
• D. Higher protein concentration

Explanation: An exudate forms when vascular permeability increases, allowing protein and cells to escape into tissues.

• A. Necrotic tissue with normal serum calcium
• B. Healthy tissue with severe hypercalcaemia
• C. Normal tissue with reduced phosphate
• D. Living tissue with low serum calcium

Explanation: Dystrophic calcification develops in damaged or necrotic tissues even when blood calcium is normal.

• A. Irreversible transformation into a malignant cell
• B. Reversible replacement by another mature cell type
• C. Increase in cell size without tissue replacement
• D. Increase in cell number after permanent injury

Explanation: Metaplasia is a reversible change in which one differentiated adult cell type is replaced by another better suited to persistent stress.

• A. C3a
• B. C5a
• C. C3b
• D. C9

Explanation: C3b binds to microbial surfaces and promotes their recognition and phagocytosis by leukocytes.

• A. IgA
• B. IgG
• C. IgM
• D. IgE

Explanation: IgE binds to mast cells and basophils, and allergen-mediated cross-linking triggers rapid mediator release.

• A. Myofibroblast
• B. Fibrocyte
• C. Neutrophil
• D. Endothelial cell

Explanation: Myofibroblasts contain contractile actin filaments and pull wound margins toward the centre during repair.

• A. Primary cardiac pump failure
• B. Reduced circulating blood volume
• C. Systemic bacterial vasodilation
• D. Acute airway obstruction

Explanation: Hypovolaemic shock begins with loss of blood or body fluid, which reduces venous return and cardiac output.

• A. Oil Red O
• B. Congo red
• C. Prussian blue
• D. Periodic acid-Schiff

Explanation: Prussian blue detects ferric iron within hemosiderin by producing a blue reaction product.

• A. Dystrophic mineralization
• B. Nuclear fragmentation
• C. Plasma membrane rupture
• D. Cellular swelling

Explanation: Cellular swelling results from failure of energy-dependent ion pumps and is a common early, reversible change.

• A. Fibrinous exudate
• B. Serous exudate
• C. Catarrhal exudate
• D. Purulent exudate

Explanation: A fibrinous exudate contains fibrin formed from fibrinogen that escapes into tissue or body cavities.

• A. Excess platelet production
• B. Consumption of clotting factors
• C. Reduced red cell formation
• D. Increased plasma albumin

Explanation: DIC causes widespread formation of small thrombi, which consumes platelets and clotting factors.

• A. Transcoelomic spread
• B. Perineural spread
• C. Lymphatic spread
• D. Direct spread through bone

Explanation: Carcinomas commonly spread first through lymphatic vessels to regional lymph nodes.

• A. Thin smooth ileal mucosa
• B. Diffuse rectal hemorrhage
• C. Multiple gastric ulcers
• D. Thickened corrugated ileal mucosa

Explanation: Johne disease produces chronic granulomatous enteritis, especially in the ileum, causing marked mucosal thickening and a corrugated…

• A. Prostaglandin E2
• B. Bradykinin
• C. Histamine
• D. Nitric oxide

Explanation: Prostaglandin E2 acts in the hypothalamus to raise the thermoregulatory set point during fever.

• A. Excessive bronchial mucus secretion
• B. Obstruction of pulmonary blood flow
• C. Collapse of the tracheal rings
• D. Permanent enlargement of alveoli

Explanation: A thromboembolus blocks pulmonary arteries and reduces perfusion to ventilated regions of the lung.

• A. A thin wall with clear fluid
• B. Diffuse edema without neutrophils
• C. A fibrous capsule around purulent material
• D. A purely hemorrhagic cavity

Explanation: A chronic abscess is often surrounded by granulation tissue and a fibrous capsule that walls off the persistent infection.