All Free Veterinary Science MCQs with Answers

• A. Sheets of keratinized epithelium
• B. Only circulating erythrocytes
• C. Mature adipocytes without inflammation
• D. Multinucleated foreign-body giant cells

Explanation: Foreign-body granulomas commonly contain macrophages that fuse to form multinucleated foreign-body giant cells around material too large…

• A. Emphysematous necrotizing myositis
• B. Diffuse fibrous hepatitis
• C. Caseous lymphadenitis
• D. Granulomatous nephritis

Explanation: Blackleg causes acute necrotizing myositis with gas production, giving affected muscles a dark, dry, and crackling appearance.

• A. Diffuse hepatic cirrhosis
• B. White splenic infarction
• C. Serous pericardial effusion
• D. Bilateral renal hypertrophy

Explanation: Complete arterial obstruction in the spleen commonly causes an anemic, or white, infarct because the organ has limited collateral blood…

• A. The amount of extracellular fluid
• B. The number of individual cells
• C. The size of individual cells
• D. The degree of nuclear atypia

Explanation: Hypertrophy means enlargement of existing cells, usually because they synthesize more structural or functional components.

• A. Lymphatic obstruction only
• B. Reduced vascular permeability
• C. Increased plasma oncotic pressure
• D. Increased hydrostatic pressure

Explanation: Failure of the heart raises venous and capillary hydrostatic pressure, forcing more fluid into the interstitial space.

• A. Intestinal epithelium
• B. Cardiac muscle
• C. Neurons of the central nervous system
• D. Skeletal muscle fibres

Explanation: Intestinal epithelial cells are continuously lost and replaced from actively dividing stem cells.

• A. Mature bone and adipose tissue
• B. New capillaries and proliferating fibroblasts
• C. Neutrophils and dense keratin
• D. Hyaline cartilage and smooth muscle

Explanation: Granulation tissue contains numerous newly formed capillaries, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells within a loose extracellular matrix.

• A. Type I collagen
• B. Type II collagen
• C. Type III collagen
• D. Type IV collagen

Explanation: Type III collagen is deposited early in repair and later becomes partly replaced by stronger type I collagen.

• A. A healed skin incision
• B. Local tissue necrosis with normal calcium
• C. A localized abscess only
• D. Systemic hypercalcaemia

Explanation: Metastatic calcification occurs in otherwise viable tissues when circulating calcium or phosphate levels are increased.

• A. Reduced cell size and functional activity
• B. Increased cell size and protein synthesis
• C. Increased cell number from mitosis
• D. Replacement by a different mature cell type

Explanation: Atrophy involves a reduction in cell size and often a corresponding decrease in organ function.

• A. Erythrocytes and platelets
• B. Epithelial cells and neurons
• C. Hepatocytes and osteoclasts only
• D. Mature collagen fibres

Explanation: Canine distemper virus can produce intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions in epithelial cells and nervous tissue cells.

• A. Fat necrosis only
• B. Liquefied pus
• C. Caseous necrosis
• D. Serous fluid

Explanation: Mycobacterium bovis commonly produces granulomas with central caseous necrosis surrounded by macrophages, epithelioid cells, giant cells…

• A. Periosteum of the proximal tibia
• B. Synovial membrane of the fetlock joint
• C. Flexor tendon within the carpal sheath
• D. Laminae attaching the distal phalanx to the hoof wall

Explanation: Laminitis is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the sensitive and insensitive laminae that support the distal phalanx within the…

• A. Immune mediated vasculitis
• B. Chronic bacterial abscesses
• C. Ischemic brain injury
• D. Fat necrosis of the pancreas

Explanation: Fibrinoid necrosis occurs when immune complexes and plasma proteins damage vascular walls, producing a bright eosinophilic appearance.

• A. Hepatic icterus
• B. Prehepatic icterus
• C. Posthepatic icterus
• D. Mixed icterus

Explanation: Prehepatic icterus results from excessive red cell destruction, which produces more bilirubin than the liver can immediately process.

• A. Nuclear transcription system
• B. Lysosomal digestive system
• C. Sodium and potassium pump
• D. Collagen synthesis pathway

Explanation: Failure of the ATP dependent sodium and potassium pump causes sodium and water to accumulate inside the cell.

• A. Antibody mediated tissue injury
• B. Persistent blood circulation
• C. Excessive collagen formation
• D. Endogenous enzymatic digestion

Explanation: Autolysis is the self digestion of cells by enzymes released from their own lysosomes after death.

• A. Antibodies against specific antigens
• B. Acid fast dyes against bacterial walls
• C. Enzymes that dissolve collagen
• D. Electrolytes that precipitate calcium

Explanation: Immunohistochemistry uses labelled antibodies that bind selected antigens in cells or tissues.

• A. Reduced total bone mass
• B. Defective mineralization of osteoid
• C. Excessive formation of dense bone
• D. Fibrous replacement of bone tissue

Explanation: Osteomalacia is defective mineralization of newly formed osteoid in mature bone.

• A. Persistent ketonuria
• B. Severe bilirubinuria
• C. Marked proteinuria
• D. Profound hypoglycemia

Explanation: Glomerular amyloid disrupts the filtration barrier and commonly produces heavy protein loss in urine.