All Free Midwifery and Obstetric Nursing MCQs with Answers

• A. Hyperkalaemia from increased intake
• B. Hypokalaemia from repeated vomiting
• C. Hypercalcaemia from dehydration
• D. Hyponatraemia from iron therapy

Explanation: Repeated vomiting causes loss of gastric fluid and potassium, making hypokalaemia likely.

• A. Hydatidiform mole
• B. Threatened miscarriage
• C. Cervical ectropion
• D. Normal multiple pregnancy

Explanation: A hydatidiform mole may cause excessive uterine size, severe vomiting and vaginal bleeding because of very high human chorionic…

• A. Placental abruption
• B. Vasa previa
• C. Uterine rupture
• D. Cervical infection

Explanation: Vasa previa occurs when fetal vessels lie near the cervical opening and may tear when the membranes rupture, causing fetal blood loss and…

• A. Vitamin C deficiency
• B. Folic acid deficiency
• C. Vitamin K deficiency
• D. Calcium deficiency

Explanation: Folic acid deficiency causes megaloblastic anaemia with large red blood cells during pregnancy.

• A. Gestational hypertension
• B. Eclampsia
• C. Chronic hypertension
• D. Vasovagal syncope

Explanation: Eclampsia is the occurrence of seizures associated with pre-eclampsia when another cause is not found.

• A. Acute pyelonephritis
• B. Bacterial vaginosis
• C. Mild cystitis
• D. Vulvovaginal candidiasis

Explanation: Fever, chills and costovertebral angle tenderness suggest infection has spread from the bladder to the kidneys, causing acute…

• A. It commonly causes fetal macrosomia
• B. It increases the risk of preterm birth
• C. It prevents normal cervical effacement
• D. It usually causes fetal postmaturity

Explanation: Maternal pyelonephritis is associated with systemic illness and an increased risk of preterm labour and birth.

• A. Fetal hydrops with generalised oedema
• B. Maternal ankle oedema after standing
• C. Increased maternal appetite
• D. Fetal breech presentation

Explanation: Rh alloimmunisation can cause fetal haemolytic anaemia, leading to hydrops fetalis with widespread oedema and fluid accumulation.

• A. Congenital infection and fetal loss
• B. Isolated fetal macrosomia
• C. Congenital limb shortening only
• D. Maternal gestational diabetes

Explanation: Untreated maternal syphilis can cross the placenta and cause congenital infection, stillbirth, miscarriage or serious neonatal disease.

• A. Encourage vigorous walking to improve circulation
• B. Assess airway, breathing and circulation promptly
• C. Offer a high-fibre snack and review later
• D. Place her flat and leave her to rest alone

Explanation: Breathlessness at rest and palpitations may indicate inadequate oxygen delivery and require immediate assessment of airway, breathing and…

• A. Perform a digital vaginal examination
• B. Encourage walking to assess the bleeding
• C. Apply fundal pressure to assess tenderness
• D. Avoid vaginal examination and notify the obstetric team

Explanation: Digital vaginal examination can disrupt a placenta lying over or near the cervical os and cause severe haemorrhage.

• A. Complete hydatidiform mole
• B. Incomplete miscarriage
• C. Cervical ectopic pregnancy
• D. Degenerating uterine fibroid

Explanation: A complete hydatidiform mole produces abnormal trophoblastic tissue that appears as multiple cystic spaces and usually has no viable…

• A. Oligohydramnios
• B. Polyhydramnios
• C. Fetal growth restriction
• D. Premature cervical dilatation

Explanation: Polyhydramnios is excessive amniotic fluid and commonly causes rapid fundal growth, abdominal distension and maternal breathlessness.

• A. Umbilical cord compression
• B. Excessive fetal movement
• C. Fetal macrosomia
• D. Maternal hyperglycaemia

Explanation: With too little amniotic fluid, the cord can become compressed between the fetus and uterus, causing variable fetal heart rate…

• A. Parvovirus B19 infection
• B. Candidal vulvovaginitis
• C. Uncomplicated bacterial vaginosis
• D. Maternal hepatitis A infection

Explanation: Parvovirus B19 can suppress fetal red blood cell production, causing severe fetal anaemia and hydrops fetalis.

• A. Congenital sensorineural hearing loss
• B. Neonatal shoulder dystocia
• C. Congenital absence of the placenta
• D. Persistent maternal hypertension

Explanation: Congenital cytomegalovirus infection can cause sensorineural hearing loss, neurological impairment and growth restriction.

• A. I should skip meals when my glucose level is high
• B. I should monitor glucose and follow my prescribed meal plan
• C. I can stop monitoring once fetal movements are normal
• D. I should take extra sugar before every antenatal visit

Explanation: Regular glucose monitoring and adherence to the prescribed meal plan help maintain maternal glucose control and reduce complications.

• A. Placenta accreta
• B. Hyperemesis gravidarum
• C. Gestational trophoblastic disease
• D. Uncomplicated breech presentation

Explanation: Placenta praevia over a previous uterine scar increases the risk that placental villi will abnormally attach to or invade the myometrium…

• A. Thiamine deficiency
• B. Vitamin K excess
• C. Calcium overload
• D. Iron toxicity

Explanation: Prolonged vomiting can deplete thiamine and lead to Wernicke encephalopathy, which may present with confusion, ataxia and eye movement…

• A. Transvaginal ultrasonography
• B. Routine urine microscopy
• C. Chest radiography
• D. Abdominal plain radiography

Explanation: Transvaginal ultrasonography can identify an intrauterine pregnancy or an adnexal mass at an early gestation and is central to assessing…