Free Gastrointestinal and Liver Nursing MCQs with Answers

• A. Stop ibuprofen and discuss safer analgesia with the prescriber
• B. Take ibuprofen with milk to prevent all gastric irritation
• C. Use ibuprofen only at bedtime to reduce ulcer symptoms
• D. Crush ibuprofen and take it after an antacid dose

Explanation: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce protective prostaglandins and can worsen ulceration or bleeding.

• A. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
• B. Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion
• C. Palpation, percussion, inspection, auscultation
• D. Percussion, palpation, auscultation, inspection

Explanation: The abdomen is inspected first, then auscultated before percussion and palpation.

• A. Urine output increases and the pulse becomes stronger
• B. The patient reports thirst but has moist skin
• C. The respiratory rate decreases with persistent dizziness
• D. The abdomen becomes distended after each fluid bolus

Explanation: Improving urine output and pulse strength suggest better renal perfusion and circulating volume.

• A. A sudden reduction in previously loud bowel sounds
• B. Mild nausea after the last prescribed antiemetic
• C. Intermittent colicky pain before passing flatus
• D. A dry mouth after several hours without oral fluids

Explanation: A sudden reduction in bowel sounds with worsening distension may indicate progression to ileus, ischemia, or perforation.

• A. Apply prolonged gentle pressure after removing the needle
• B. Massage the puncture site to improve circulation
• C. Use a firm tourniquet for twenty minutes afterward
• D. Encourage vigorous arm exercises after the procedure

Explanation: Reduced clotting factor production in cirrhosis increases bleeding risk, so gentle prolonged pressure helps achieve haemostasis.

• A. Avoid straining during bowel movements and report black stools
• B. Use a hard toothbrush to strengthen the gums
• C. Take aspirin for minor abdominal discomfort
• D. Perform forceful coughing exercises every morning

Explanation: Straining can increase intra-abdominal pressure and contribute to variceal bleeding, while black stools may indicate upper…

• A. Blood pressure falls and the patient becomes dizzy
• B. The patient reports less abdominal pressure
• C. The abdomen is softer than before the procedure
• D. Respirations become easier while sitting upright

Explanation: Hypotension and dizziness after removal of ascitic fluid may indicate intravascular volume reduction or circulatory dysfunction.

• A. Place the patient in a safe environment with close observation
• B. Keep the room dark and limit all communication
• C. Encourage independent walking to maintain muscle strength
• D. Offer sedative medication whenever the patient becomes restless

Explanation: Safety is the immediate priority because confusion and poor coordination increase the risk of falls and injury.

• A. Do not share razors, toothbrushes or equipment that may contain blood
• B. Avoid sharing cooked food because the virus spreads through meals
• C. Wear a mask during all household contact to prevent droplet spread
• D. Use separate towels because hepatitis C commonly spreads through sweat

Explanation: Hepatitis C is mainly transmitted through infected blood, so personal items that may cause small skin or gum injuries should not be…

• A. Small meals of refined rice, bananas and lean chicken
• B. Large meals of fried food, raw cabbage and beans
• C. High-fat meals with cream to increase calorie intake
• D. Spicy food with whole-grain bread to stimulate appetite

Explanation: Small, lower-residue meals such as refined rice, bananas, and lean chicken may reduce bowel stimulation while providing energy and…

• A. Gastric outlet obstruction
• B. Perforation with peritonitis
• C. Acute pancreatitis
• D. Uncomplicated gastritis

Explanation: Sudden severe pain with a rigid, silent abdomen suggests perforation and peritonitis.

• A. Take it with a high-fat meal
• B. Take it on an empty stomach
• C. Take it only when pain begins
• D. Take it together with antacids

Explanation: Sucralfate forms a protective coating over the ulcer and works best on an empty stomach.

• A. Metabolic alkalosis
• B. Respiratory alkalosis
• C. Metabolic acidosis
• D. Respiratory acidosis

Explanation: Vomiting removes hydrochloric acid and may produce metabolic alkalosis, especially when fluid and chloride losses are prolonged.

• A. Skip lesions throughout the bowel
• B. Continuous inflammation beginning in the rectum
• C. Transmural fistula formation
• D. Cobblestone mucosa in the ileum

Explanation: Ulcerative colitis causes continuous mucosal inflammation that usually begins in the rectum and extends proximally.

• A. The obstruction is resolving
• B. The bowel may have perforated
• C. The patient is becoming comfortable
• D. The nasogastric tube is working

Explanation: A sudden reduction in colicky pain with worsening distension and tachycardia can indicate bowel ischemia or perforation.

• A. Three large meals high in fat
• B. Small frequent meals with adequate calories
• C. A fasting period until jaundice clears
• D. A high-salt diet to prevent weakness

Explanation: Small frequent meals are easier to tolerate and help maintain energy when nausea and anorexia are present.

• A. Mild pruritus after bathing
• B. Increasing abdominal collateral veins
• C. Occasional heartburn after meals
• D. A small bruise at an injection site

Explanation: Prominent abdominal collateral veins, sometimes called caput medusae, develop when portal blood is diverted through systemic veins.

• A. Serum potassium
• B. Serum calcium
• C. Haemoglobin level
• D. Blood amylase

Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, so hyperkalaemia is an important adverse effect to detect.

• A. Lactulose
• B. Rifaximin
• C. Diazepam
• D. Spironolactone

Explanation: Diazepam is a benzodiazepine that can cause sedation and further depress consciousness in hepatic encephalopathy.

• A. Use a hard-bristled toothbrush
• B. Use gentle oral care with a soft toothbrush
• C. Floss forcefully between all teeth
• D. Apply alcohol-based mouthwash frequently

Explanation: A soft toothbrush and gentle technique reduce trauma and bleeding in a patient with impaired clotting.