Free Gastrointestinal and Liver Nursing MCQs with Answers
50 Gastrointestinal and Liver Nursing MCQs from Medical Surgical Nursing, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Covers nursing care for peptic ulcer disease, gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal obstruction, hepatitis, cirrhosis and portal hypertension. It includes nutrition, fluid and electrolyte management, abdominal assessment, gastrointestinal bleeding, ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, which must be distinguished from other causes of altered consciousness.
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50 questions · page 3 of 3
- A. Famotidine
- B. Omeprazole
- C. Sucralfate
- D. Magnesium hydroxide
Explanation: Famotidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that decreases gastric acid secretion.
Correct answer: Famotidine- A. Use contact precautions and dedicated equipment
- B. Place the patient in protective isolation
- C. Encourage raw fruit and salad intake
- D. Administer an antidiarrhoeal without review
Explanation: C. difficile spreads through contaminated hands and surfaces, so contact precautions and dedicated equipment are required.
Correct answer: Use contact precautions and dedicated equipment- A. Metabolic alkalosis
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Respiratory alkalosis
- D. Respiratory acidosis
Explanation: Loss of gastric hydrochloric acid through prolonged vomiting commonly causes metabolic alkalosis.
Correct answer: Metabolic alkalosis- A. Fluid has accumulated in the peritoneal cavity
- B. The liver has become filled with swallowed air
- C. The stomach has stopped producing digestive enzymes
- D. The abdominal muscles have become permanently shortened
Explanation: Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, commonly related to portal hypertension and low albumin in cirrhosis.
Correct answer: Fluid has accumulated in the peritoneal cavity- A. Treat the hypoglycaemia according to protocol
- B. Restrict all oral and intravenous fluids
- C. Administer a sedative for agitation
- D. Place the patient in a dark room only
Explanation: Severe hypoglycaemia can directly cause altered consciousness and is an immediate reversible threat to the brain.
Correct answer: Treat the hypoglycaemia according to protocol- A. Small frequent meals with adequate calories
- B. Prolonged fasting to rest the liver
- C. A high-sodium diet to improve appetite
- D. Routine severe protein restriction for all patients
Explanation: Small frequent meals and an evening snack help prevent muscle breakdown and provide adequate energy in cirrhosis.
Correct answer: Small frequent meals with adequate calories- A. Report the symptoms for infection assessment
- B. Advise doubling the corticosteroid dose
- C. Reassure the patient that infection is expected
- D. Recommend stopping the drug suddenly
Explanation: Corticosteroids suppress immune responses, so fever and respiratory symptoms require prompt assessment for infection.
Correct answer: Report the symptoms for infection assessment- A. Clarify the procedure because trauma may cause bleeding
- B. Proceed because rectal procedures reduce portal pressure
- C. Give an intramuscular injection before examination
- D. Ask the patient to strain during the examination
Explanation: Rectal trauma and straining can precipitate bleeding in a patient with portal hypertension and fragile collateral vessels.
Correct answer: Clarify the procedure because trauma may cause bleeding- A. Bile flow into the intestine is reduced
- B. The patient has improved liver function
- C. The findings confirm excessive gastric acid
- D. The changes are caused by increased intestinal iron
Explanation: Dark urine and pale stools can occur when impaired bile flow prevents normal bilirubin excretion into the intestine.
Correct answer: Bile flow into the intestine is reduced- A. Shake the suspension well before measuring
- B. Take it only with an empty stomach at bedtime
- C. Mix it with another medicine in the same cup
- D. Stop all prescribed ulcer treatment immediately
Explanation: Suspensions must be shaken so the medication is evenly distributed before the dose is measured.
Correct answer: Shake the suspension well before measuring