A patient with portal hypertension is being taught how to reduce the risk of variceal bleeding. Which instruction is appropriate?
Correct answer: A. Avoid straining during bowel movements and report black stools
- A. Avoid straining during bowel movements and report black stools
- B. Use a hard toothbrush to strengthen the gums
- C. Take aspirin for minor abdominal discomfort
- D. Perform forceful coughing exercises every morning
Explanation
Straining can increase intra-abdominal pressure and contribute to variceal bleeding, while black stools may indicate upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Hard brushing, aspirin, and forceful coughing can increase bleeding risk.
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About Gastrointestinal and Liver Nursing
Covers nursing care for peptic ulcer disease, gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal obstruction, hepatitis, cirrhosis and portal hypertension. It includes nutrition, fluid and electrolyte management, abdominal assessment, gastrointestinal bleeding, ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, which must be distinguished from other causes of altered consciousness.
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