Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 96 of 124
- A. UAA
- B. UCG
- C. AUG
- D. UUU
Explanation: Translation is the process by which a cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in messenger RNA (mRNA).
Correct answer: UAA- A. E site
- B. P site
- C. A site
- D. C site
Explanation: In protein synthesis, the initiator tRNA molecule carrying chemically modified initial amino acid, methionine (known as N-formyl…
Correct answer: P site- A. 5 - 2' direction
- B. 5'- 3' direction
- C. 3'- 5 direction
- D. 2 - 5 direction
Explanation: DNA polymerase can only make DNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
Correct answer: 5'- 3' direction- A. tRNA synthetase
- B. Amino tRNA synthetase
- C. tRNA ligase
- D. Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
Explanation: The enzyme associated with the binding of amino acids and RNA molecules is called "Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase".
Correct answer: Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase- A. RNA polymerase
- B. DNA polymerase
- C. Primase
- D. Ligase
Explanation: The synthesis of a primer is necessary because DNA polymerases, can only attach new DNA nucleotides to an existing strand of nucleotides.
Correct answer: DNA polymerase- A. H1
- B. H2A
- C. H2B
- D. H3
Explanation: A nucleosome is the basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes.
Correct answer: H11907. DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' end of the primer so the direction of replication will be?
- A. 5' to 3'
- B. 3' to 5'
- C. 3' end of the primer to 3' end of template strand
- D. 3' end of the template strand to the 3' end of the primer
Explanation: DNA polymerase is able to add nucleotides only in the 5′ to 3′ direction (a new DNA strand can be extended only in this direction).
Correct answer: 5' to 3'- A. Radioactive phage were found in the pellet
- B. Radioactive cells were found in the supernatant
- C. Radioactive sulfur was found inside the cell
- D. Radioactive phosphorus was found in the cell
Explanation: The experiments by Hershey and Chase helped confirm that DNA was the hereditary material as radioactive phosphorus was found in the…
Correct answer: Radioactive phosphorus was found in the cell- A. 12
- B. 24
- C. 36
- D. 48
Explanation: 12 mRna codons there are 36 nucleotides. As 3 nucleotide cob]combine to form one codon so 3 multiply by 12 gives 36.
Correct answer: 36- A. UGA
- B. UAU
- C. CAU
- D. GAU
Explanation: Stop codons are also called nonsense codons because they do not code for an amino acid and instead signal the end of protein synthesis.
Correct answer: UGA- A. Somatic Mutation
- B. Hereditary mutation
- C. Germ line mutation
- D. De novo mutation
Explanation: De navo mutation is A genetic alteration that is present for the first time in one family member as a result of a variant (or mutation) in…
Correct answer: De novo mutation- A. Change in Phenotype
- B. No change in Phenotype
- C. Synthesis of 3 amino acids.
- D. Synthesis of 4 amino acids.
Explanation: A deletion changes the DNA sequence by removing at least one nucleotide in a gene.Phenotypic effects of deletions depend on the size and…
Correct answer: Change in Phenotype1913. Identify in which of the following the genetic information is catalyzed using reverse transcription;
- A. Protein→DNA
- B. RNA →DNA
- C. DNA→RNA
- D. RNA Protein
Explanation: A reverse transcriptase(RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA(cDNA) from an RNA template, a process termed reverse…
Correct answer: RNA →DNA1914. If an α-helix of a polypeptide consist of 360 amino acids, how many turns does the helix contain?
- A. 3.6 turns
- B. 100 turns
- C. 360 turns
- D. The number of turns can not be determind
Explanation: An alpha(α) helix contains 3.6 amino acids per turn of the helix. If a polypeptide consists of 360 amino acids, the turns in the helix…
Correct answer: 100 turns- A. PKU
- B. Alkaptunuria
- C. Anuria
- D. Dluria
Explanation: Phenylketonuria occurs when parents pass the defective phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene that causes this disorder on to their…
Correct answer: PKU- A. Klinefelter's Syndrome
- B. Down's Syndrome
- C. Turner's Syndrome
- D. Jacob's Syndrome
Explanation: Down's Syndrome involves a child receiving an extra copy of their 21st chromosome.Klinefelter's syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs…
Correct answer: Down's Syndrome- A. Both are due to a quantitative defect in globin chain synthesis
- B. Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin molecules
- C. Sickle cell anaemia is due to a quantitative problem of globin molecules
- D. Both are due to a qualitative defect in globin chain synthesis
Explanation: Sickle cell anemia is caused due to point mutation in which at the 6th position of the beta-globin chain, glutamic acid is replaced by…
Correct answer: Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin molecules1918. A molecule that can act as a genetic material must NOT fulfill which of the the traits given below?
- A. It should be able to express itself in the form of 'Mendelian characters'
- B. It should be able to generate its replica
- C. It should be unstable structurally and chemically
- D. It should provide the scope for slow changes that are required for evolution
Explanation: Genetic material should be structurally and chemically stable otherwise its expression will change.
Correct answer: It should be unstable structurally and chemically- A. Lactose
- B. Lactose and Galactose
- C. Glucose
- D. Galactose
Explanation: In Lac operon, lactose is an inducer. It binds with a suppressor and inactivates it.
Correct answer: Lactose- A. The inducer
- B. A terminator
- C. A promoter
- D. The structural gene
Explanation: A transcription unit is a part of DNA that is able to transcribe a complete RNA.
Correct answer: The inducer