Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 59 of 124
- A. Lysozymes
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Nucleus
Explanation: This option is correct because lysosomes play a vital role in defense activity as they are full of powerful hydrolytic enzymes.
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. Schwann
- B. Scheilden
- C. Robert Hooke
- D. Both Options A and B are correct
Explanation: The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665, in a Cork piece, in which he saw small compartments.
Correct answer: Robert Hooke- A. Chloroplast
- B. Chlorophyll
- C. Chromoplast
- D. Leucoplast
Explanation: Chromoplast are pigments containing colored plastids that impart characteristic colors to different parts of the plant.
Correct answer: Chromoplast- A. Cytoplasm
- B. Nucleus
- C. Nucleolus
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: The nucleolus is a substructure within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, and it is the primary site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription…
Correct answer: Nucleolus- A. Protein
- B. Lipid
- C. Cellulose
- D. Starch
Explanation: Plant cell walls are mostly made of cellulose, a fibrous carbohydrate that provides rigidity and maintains the cell's shape.
Correct answer: Cellulose- A. Primary wall
- B. Secondary wall
- C. Middle lamella
- D. Tertiary wall
Explanation: The cell wall of plants is composed of three main layers: the primary wall, the secondary wall, and the middle lamella.
Correct answer: Middle lamella- A. Both Mitochondria and Chloroplast
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Chloroplast
- D. None of the Above
Explanation: The mitochondrion and the chloroplast are both organelles that were once free-living cells.
Correct answer: Both Mitochondria and Chloroplast- A. Glycoproteins
- B. Phospholipids
- C. Lipids
- D. Lipoproteins
Explanation: Phospholipids. Phospholipids, arranged in a bilayer, make up the basic fabric of the plasma membrane. ...
Correct answer: Phospholipids- A. None of these
- B. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus of the cell is the domain where the proteins and lipids are assembled, sorted, and given proper shape and structure.
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. Mitochondria
- B. Vacuoles
- C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: SER is involve in lipid synthesis and also it's organization such as phospholipids and cholesterol.
Correct answer: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum- A. Bacterial colony
- B. Cell
- C. Chloroplast
- D. DNA
Explanation: The cell is the simplest entity that can exist as an independent unit of life.
Correct answer: Cell- A. 9
- B. 27
- C. 3
- D. 12
Explanation: Centrioles are key cellular structures involved in cell division, found in animal cells.
Correct answer: 271173. The soluble part of the cytoplasm or fluid that remains when all organelles are removed is known as:
- A. Solution
- B. Gelatin material
- C. Cytoskeleton
- D. Cytosol
Explanation: The correct answer is Cytosol. The cytosol is the aqueous component of the cytoplasm, containing dissolved ions, small molecules, and…
Correct answer: Cytosol- A. 60-80%
- B. 20-40%
- C. 40-80%
- D. 20-60%
Explanation: The plasma membrane is the outermost covering of an animal cell. Cell membrane is composed of lipids and proteins;60-80% are proteins…
Correct answer: 20-40%- A. Mitochondria
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Golgi Apparatus
Explanation: The endoplasmic reticulum is a continuous membrane system that forms a series of flattened sacs within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells…
Correct answer: Endoplasmic reticulum- A. Monosome
- B. Polysomes
- C. Polypeptide
- D. Lysosome
Explanation: Polysome is defined as the cluster of ribosomes held together by a strand of mRNA that each of them is…
Correct answer: Polysomes- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Nucleus
- D. Plastids
Explanation: Ribosomes are made of proteins and ribonucleic acid. Ribosomes consist of two major components: the small and large ribosomal subunits.
Correct answer: Ribosomes- A. Plastids
- B. Chromoplasts
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Leucoplasts
Explanation: Mitochondria are membrane-bounded organelles that generate the energy needed to power cells' biochemical reactions which are stored in a…
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. Engulfing
- B. Pinocytosis
- C. Phagocytosis
- D. None of the given options
Explanation: Phagocytes are cells that have the ability to ingest, and sometimes digest, foreign particles, such as bacteria, carbon, dust, or dye.
Correct answer: Phagocytosis- A. Nucleus
- B. Cytosol
- C. Nucleolus
- D. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Explanation: Molecules of rRNA are synthesized in a special region of the cell nucleus called the nucleolus, which appears as a dense area within the…
Correct answer: Nucleolus