Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 122 of 124
- A. Cytoplasmic streaming movement
- B. Ribosome
- C. Binary fission
- D. Nuclear envelope
Explanation: Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and play a…
Correct answer: Ribosome- A. E. Coli
- B. Nostoc
- C. Blue green algae
- D. Cyanobacteria
- E. None of these
Explanation: Mitosis is the process by which a eukaryotic somatic cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells.
Correct answer: None of these- A. Spores
- B. Cyst
- C. Nucleoid
- D. Mesosomes
Explanation: In prokaryotic cells, which lack membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, the role of generating energy through cellular respiration…
Correct answer: Mesosomes- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Carbohydrates and Proteins
- C. Proteins
- D. Proteins & Lipids
Explanation: The correct answer is Carbohydrates, as prokaryotic cell walls are predominantly composed of peptidoglycan, which is a polymer made from…
Correct answer: Carbohydrates2425. Prokaryotic cells lack:
- A. Mesosomes
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Storage bodies
- D. Membrane bound organelles
Explanation: Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria and archaea, lack membrane-bound organelles like a nucleus, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum.
Correct answer: Membrane bound organelles- A. Primary wall _ secondary wall _ middle lamella
- B. Secondary wall _ primary wall _ middle lamella
- C. Primary wall _ middle lamella _ secondary wall
- D. Secondary wall _ middle lamella _ primary wall
Explanation: The correct arrangement of cell wall layers in a plant cell is Secondary wall _ Primary wall _ Middle lamella.
Correct answer: Secondary wall _ primary wall _ middle lamella- A. Proteins
- B. Lipids
- C. Lipo protein
- D. Cellulose
Explanation: Lipids → mainly phospholipids, form the bilayer (structural framework).Proteins → embedded or attached, responsible for transport…
Correct answer: Lipo protein- A. Cellulose
- B. pectin
- C. Lignin
- D. Murein
Explanation: The middle lamella is made up of pectin in the form of calcium and magnesium pectates.
Correct answer: pectin- A. Matthias Schleiden
- B. Theodor Schwann
- C. Robert Hooke
- D. Robert Brown
Explanation: The cell theory, a fundamental principle in biology, was proposed by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.
Correct answer: Matthias Schleiden- A. Hair
- B. Skin
- C. Bone
- D. Muscle
Explanation: Keratinized epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium (consisting of flattened squamous cells arranged in layers upon the basal…
Correct answer: Skin- A. Primary cell wall
- B. Secondary cell wall
- C. Middle lamella
- D. Plasma membrane
Explanation: Cellulose is a crucial polysaccharide that forms the structural component of the primary cell wall in plants.
Correct answer: Primary cell wall- A. Waldyne
- B. T.H. Margan
- C. Robert Brown
- D. Kohler
Explanation: The correct answer is Robert Brown, who discovered the cell nucleus in 1831 while examining plant cells under a microscope.
Correct answer: Robert Brown- A. Catalase
- B. Lipase
- C. Permease
- D. Arginase
Explanation: The correct answer is Permease, which is a protein carrier in the plasma membrane.
Correct answer: Permease- A. Membrane proteins
- B. Membrane carbohydrates
- C. Membrane glycolipids
- D. Membrane cholesterol
Explanation: Membrane proteins regulate the selective permeability of the plasma membrane, allowing the movement of molecules according to the needs of…
Correct answer: Membrane proteins- A. Mesosome
- B. polysome
- C. Nucleosome
- D. Centrosome
Explanation: Mesosomes are a convoluted membranous structure formed in a prokaryotic cell by the invagination of the plasma membrane.
Correct answer: Nucleosome- A. Prophase
- B. Metaphase
- C. Anaphase
- D. Telophase
Explanation: The correct answer is Prophase. This stage initiates the condensation of chromosomes, reaching their maximum compaction.
Correct answer: Prophase- A. Histone
- B. RNA
- C. DNA
- D. All of the above
Explanation: The material controlling heredity in chromosomes is DNA. DNA carries genetic information and directly influences hereditary traits in…
Correct answer: DNA- A. Down's syndrome
- B. Turner's syndrome
- C. Jacobs syndrome
- D. Klinefilter's syndrome
Explanation: Klinefelter's syndrome is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in males.
Correct answer: Klinefilter's syndrome- A. Prophase
- B. Metaphase
- C. Anaphase
- D. Telophase
Explanation: During the process of cell division, specifically in mitosis or meiosis, condensation of chromosomes occurs.
Correct answer: Metaphase- A. two daughter cells
- B. sister chromatids
- C. mitosis
- D. unregulated growth
Explanation: Cell division Mitosis or meiosis results in the formation of daughter cells from the division of the parent cell.
Correct answer: two daughter cells