Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 121 of 124
- A. Anaphase
- B. Metaphase
- C. Prophase
- D. Telophase
Explanation: Anaphase is the most critical phase of the mitosis, which ensures equal distribution of chromatids in the daughter cells.
Correct answer: Anaphase- A. XXX
- B. XYY
- C. XO
- D. XXY
Explanation: XO refers to a specific chromosomal condition known as Turner syndrome, which occurs in females.
Correct answer: XO- A. Cisternae
- B. Cytosol
- C. Endocytosis
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: The cytosol (the soluble portion of the cytoplasm outside the organelles) is mostly composed of water and many low molecular weight…
Correct answer: Cytosol- A. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- B. Ribosome
- C. Golgi Complex
- D. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Explanation: Explanation:The phragmoplast is formed by vesicles that originally arise from the Golgi complex.
Correct answer: Golgi Complex- A. Tubulin
- B. Actin
- C. Myosin
- D. Troponin
Explanation: [A] The tubulin proteins α- and β polymerize into long chains or filaments that form microtubules.[B] Actin forms microfilaments in the…
Correct answer: Tubulin- A. Mitochondria
- B. Centrioles
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Lysosomes
Explanation: At the beginning of the nuclear division, two wheel-shaped protein structures called centrioles position themselves at opposite ends of…
Correct answer: Centrioles- A. 9
- B. 18
- C. 108
- D. 36
Explanation: Structure of a Centriole:Each centriole is composed of 9 microtubule triplets arranged in a cylindrical structure, forming the 9+0…
Correct answer: 36- A. Cristae
- B. Cisternae
- C. Lamella
- D. Bifidae
Explanation: Mitochondria are a double-membranous structure with an outer membrane and an inner membrane.
Correct answer: Cristae- A. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- C. Golgi Apparatus
- D. Lysosomes
Explanation: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum in liver cells of vertebrates helps in detoxifying poisons and drugs.
Correct answer: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- A. Mitochondria and ribosomes
- B. Cytosol, mitochondria and ribosomes
- C. Golgi bodies, Lysosome and ER
- D. Golgi bodies, lysosome and mitochondria
Explanation: The Golgi bodies, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum are all examples of single membranous organelles.
Correct answer: Golgi bodies, Lysosome and ER- A. Phagocytosis
- B. Primary lysosome and autophagy
- C. Secondary lysosome
- D. Peroxisome
Explanation: Digestive vacuoles and autophagosomes eventually fuse with lysosomes, forming secondary lysosomes.
Correct answer: Secondary lysosome- A. Microtubule
- B. Cilia
- C. Microfilaments
- D. Intermediate filaments
Explanation: Cyclosis (the streaming movement of cytoplasm within a cell) and amoeboid movements (the crawling-like movements of certain cells, such as…
Correct answer: Microfilaments- A. Golgi complex
- B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- C. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D. Ribosomes & chromosomes
Explanation: Proteins and lipids are modified into glycoproteins and glycolipids primarily by the Golgi complex (also known as the Golgi apparatus or…
Correct answer: Golgi complex- A. Enzymes
- B. Cisternae
- C. Pigment
- D. Cristae
Explanation: Chloroplasts are pigmented organelles, i.e, they contain some kind of pigment, which is chlorophyll.
Correct answer: Pigment- A. Intracellular digestion
- B. Autophagy
- C. Autolysis
- D. Processing of cell secretions
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus processes and packages cell secretions by receiving proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum in transport…
Correct answer: Processing of cell secretions- A. Peroxisomes
- B. Glyoxysomes
- C. Microbodies
- D. Vacuoles
Explanation: Microbodies, which include organelles like peroxisomes and glyoxysomes, are present in plant cells during their normal metabolic…
Correct answer: Glyoxysomes- A. Cysts.
- B. Ribosomes.
- C. Mesosomes.
- D. Spores.
Explanation: These extensions help in the synthesis of the cell wall and replication of DNA
Correct answer: Mesosomes.- A. Centrioles
- B. X-chromosome
- C. Plastids
- D. Sieve-tubes
Explanation: Since prokaryotic cells do not indulge in sexual reproduction, they don't have either the X chromosomes or the Y chromosomes.
Correct answer: X-chromosome- A. Campylobacter
- B. Cyanobacteria
- C. Spirochete
- D. Goblet cells
Explanation: Nucleoid is exclusive to prokaryotic cells only where the circular DNA exists without a membrane. Goblet cells are eukaryotic.
Correct answer: Goblet cells- A. Pseudomonas
- B. Campylobacter
- C. Euglena
- D. E.coli
Explanation: Euglena is a genus of single-cell flagellate eukaryotes. All other mentioned organisms are prokaryotes.
Correct answer: Euglena