Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
Last updated
Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 123 of 124
- A. 43
- B. 1.29
- C. 0.43
- D. 24
Explanation: The total number of chromosomes present in a tobacco plant is 24, therefore option 'D' is correct.
Correct answer: 24- A. 1 nm
- B. 2 nm
- C. 3 nm
- D. 4 nm
Explanation: A histone is a protein that provides structural support to a chromosome.
Correct answer: 2 nm- A. 45
- B. 48
- C. 46
- D. 47
Explanation: The correct number of chromosomes in tobacco is 48. Tobacco is an allopolyploid species, which means it has multiple sets of chromosomes…
Correct answer: 48- A. Genotype
- B. Phenotype
- C. Karyotype
- D. Genome
Explanation: The correct answer is Karyotype. A karyotype is a visual profile of an individual's chromosomes, showing the number and appearance of…
Correct answer: Karyotype- A. Number
- B. Inheritance
- C. Heredity
- D. Composition
Explanation: Genes are specific sequences of nucleotides within DNA that reside on chromosomes.
Correct answer: Number- A. XXY
- B. XY
- C. XYY
- D. XYYY
Explanation: In Down's syndrome, the affected person contains an extra autosomal chromosome number 21 (trisomy 2n+1).
Correct answer: XY- A. Tadpole Larvae
- B. Frog
- C. Trochophere larvae
- D. Salamander larvae
Explanation: When scientists first observed chromosomes in the dividing cells of salamander larvae, they noticed these thread-like structures that…
Correct answer: Salamander larvae- A. Translocation
- B. Linkage
- C. Mutation
- D. Nondisjunction
Explanation: A permanent change in the genetic structure of a gene is called a mutation.
Correct answer: Mutation- A. Metacentric
- B. Sub metacentric
- C. Acrocentric
- D. Telocentric
Explanation: An acrocentric chromosome is a chromosome in which the centromere is located very close to one end, creating a long arm (q) and a short…
Correct answer: Acrocentric- A. Cytoplasm
- B. Nucleus
- C. Vacuoles
- D. Nuclear pores
Explanation: The cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid inside the cell. It is the medium for chemical reactions.
Correct answer: Nucleus- A. Proteins
- B. Carbohydrates
- C. Phospholipids
- D. Terpendoids
Explanation: rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), a series of connected flattened sacs, part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of…
Correct answer: Proteins2452. A cell fails to detoxity the waste substances produced in it because it does not possess enough:
- A. lysosomes
- B. ribosome
- C. rough endoplasmic reticulum
- D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: The cell organelle responsible for the detoxification of waste substances is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Correct answer: smooth endoplasmic reticulum- A. Peroxisomes
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Glyoxisomes
- D. Ribosomes
Explanation: Glyoxisomes are specialized organelles found only in plants. These contain enzymes for the glyoxylate cycle, through which fats are…
Correct answer: Glyoxisomes- A. A (outer membrane) - regulates molecule passage
- B. B (inner membrane) - forms infoldings called cristae
- C. C (crista) - site of Glycolysis.
- D. D (matrix) - site of Anaerobic fermentation.
Explanation: The correct answer is B (inner membrane) - forms infoldings called cristae.
Correct answer: B (inner membrane) - forms infoldings called cristae- A. Sodium ions
- B. Calcium ions
- C. Potassium ions
- D. Magnesium ions
Explanation: The correct answer is Option D: Magnesium ions. Magnesium ions play a crucial role in stabilizing the ribosome-mRNA complex by…
Correct answer: Magnesium ions- A. Chloroplastids
- B. Proplastids
- C. Chromoplastids
- D. Leucoplastids
Explanation: All types of plastids are produced from proplastids. Proplastids are undifferentiated, non-pigmented plastids that serve as the precursor…
Correct answer: Proplastids- A. Glyoxisome
- B. Bile juice
- C. Pancreatic juice
- D. Lysosomes
Explanation: Glyoxisomes are specialized organelles found in plant cells and some microorganisms.
Correct answer: Glyoxisome- A. Enzymes
- B. Protein
- C. Sugar
- D. Lipids
Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is primarily responsible for the synthesis of lipids, which include phospholipids, cholesterol, and…
Correct answer: Lipids- A. Golgi-Apparatus
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Peroxisomes
- D. Glyoxisomes
Explanation: Lysosomes perform phagocytosis, pinocutosis and autophagy as they contain enzymes to digest foreign material and casue cell death.
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. Stroma
- B. Grana
- C. Thylakoid membrane
- D. Crista
Explanation: The correct answer is the thylakoid membrane. This is where the pigments chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids are located, as they are…
Correct answer: Thylakoid membrane