Free Biotechnology MCQs with Answers
731 Biotechnology MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Biotechnology in health care applies biological organisms, cells or enzymes to diagnose and treat disease. The subject includes recombinant DNA, genetically engineered insulin, vaccines, antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy and techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, while distinguishing therapeutic applications from agricultural and industrial biotechnology.
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Read the Biotechnology notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms731 questions · page 27 of 37
- A. Insertional inactivation of alpha galactosidase in recombinant bacteria
- B. Inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria
- C. Non-recombinant bacteria containing beta galactosidase
- D. Insertional inactivation of alpha galactosidase in nonrecombinant bacteria.
Explanation: The presence of restriction sites within the markers tet r and amp r of plasmid permits an easy selection for cells transformed with…
Correct answer: Non-recombinant bacteria containing beta galactosidase522. DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonucleases in a chemical reaction can be separated by?
- A. Electrophoresis
- B. Restriction mapping
- C. Centrifugation
- D. Polymerase chain reaction
Explanation: Electrophoresis is a technique used for the separation of substances of different ionic properties.
Correct answer: Electrophoresis523. Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme?
- A. Algae-Methylase
- B. Fungi-Chitinase
- C. Bacteria-Lysozyme
- D. Plant cells-Cellulase
Explanation: Cell wall of algae is made up of cellulose, pectin and mucilage. These substances cannot be degraded by methylase.
Correct answer: Algae-Methylase- A. Precipitate DNA.
- B. Break open the cell to release DNA.
- C. Facilitate action of restriction enzymes.
- D. Remove proteins such as histones.
Explanation: Ethanol is much less polar than water. Adding it to the solution disrupts the screening charges exerted by water.
Correct answer: Precipitate DNA.- A. Original restriction enzyme
- B. Rop-reduced osmotic pressure
- C. HindIII, EcoRI selectable markers
- D. AmpR, tetR -antibiotic resistance genes
Explanation: In pBR322, ori-represents site or origin of replication rop codes for proteins take part in the replication of plasmid.
Correct answer: AmpR, tetR -antibiotic resistance genes- A. Study of enzymes
- B. Genetic transformation
- C. DNA sequencing
- D. Genetic fingerprinting
Explanation: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to amplify a small DNA fragment to obtain its large quantity.
Correct answer: Genetic fingerprinting- A. Vector
- B. Selectable marker
- C. Plasmid
- D. Probe
Explanation: Probes are single-stranded, radiolabelled molecules of nucleic acids with known sequence.
Correct answer: Probe- A. It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells.
- B. It serves as a selectable marker.
- C. It is isolated from a virus.
- D. It remains active at high temperature.
Explanation: In PCR, Taq polymerase is used which is obtained from Thermus aquaticus bacteria.
Correct answer: It remains active at high temperature.529. For transformation, microparticles coated with DNA to be bombarded with a gene gun are made up of?
- A. Silver or Platinum
- B. Platinum or Zinc
- C. Silicon or Platinum
- D. Gold or Tungsten
Explanation: A gene or a biolistic particle delivery system, originally designed for plant transformation, is a device for injecting cells with genetic…
Correct answer: Gold or Tungsten- A. Disarming pathogen vectors.
- B. Transformation of plant cells.
- C. Constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors.
- D. DNA fingerprinting.
Explanation: Biolistics is a technique for introducing genetic material into living cells, especially plant cells, in which DNA-coated microscopic…
Correct answer: Transformation of plant cells.- A. As selectable markers.
- B. To select healthy vectors.
- C. As sequences from where replication starts.
- D. To keep the cultures free of infection.
Explanation: Selectable markers are those genes which help in selecting those host cells which contain vectors (i.e., transformants) and eliminating…
Correct answer: As selectable markers.- A. B-denaturation at a temperature of about 98°C separating the two DNA strands
- B. A-denaturation at a temperature of about 50°C
- C. C-extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase
- D. A-annealing with two sets of primers
Explanation: A schematic representation of PCR can be illustrated as follow.
Correct answer: C-extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase- A. 5' - GAATTC - 3', 3' - CTTAAG - 5'
- B. 5' - CCAATG - 3', 3' - GAATCC - 5'
- C. 5' - CATTAG - 3', 3' - GATAAC - 5'
- D. 5' - GATACC - 3', 3' - CCTAAG - 5'
Explanation: Palindromes are groups of letters that form the same words when read both forward and backward, e.g., "MALAYALAM".
Correct answer: 5' - GAATTC - 3', 3' - CTTAAG - 5'- A. Replication completed
- B. Deletion mutation
- C. Start codon at the 5' end
- D. Palindromic sequence of base pairs
Explanation: Palindromes are groups of letters that form the same words when read both forward and backward, e.g., "MALAYALAM".
Correct answer: Palindromic sequence of base pairs- A. Colon
- B. Coelom
- C. Coenzyme
- D. Coli
Explanation: The enzyme restriction endonuclease EcoRI is found in the colon bacteria E.coli. So, here 'co' stands for coli.
Correct answer: Coli- A. Spectrophotometry
- B. Tissue culture
- C. PCR
- D. Gel Electrophoresis
Explanation: In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments separate (resolve) according to their size through the sieving effect provided by the agarose gel.
Correct answer: Gel Electrophoresis- A. Baculovirus
- B. Salmonella typhimurium
- C. Rhizopus nigricans
- D. Retrovirus
Explanation: Retroviruses in animals have the ability to transform normal cells into cancerous cells.
Correct answer: Retrovirus- A. Probe vector
- B. Probe
- C. Clone
- D. Plasmid
Explanation: Probes are single stranded, radiolabelled molecules of nucleic acids with known sequence.
Correct answer: Probe- A. Make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule.
- B. Recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding of DNA ligase.
- C. Restrict the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase.
- D. Remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule.
Explanation: Restriction endonucleases were found by Arber in 1962 in bacteria. They act as "molecular scissors" or chemical scalpels.
Correct answer: Make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule.- A. Nucleoids
- B. Lomasomes
- C. Mesosome
- D. Plasmids
Explanation: Plasmid is a small circular double-stranded DNA molecule present in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell.
Correct answer: Plasmids