All Free Psychology MCQs with Answers

• A. Telling experimental participants about the hypotheses that they are not being tested as such
• B. Informing participants that they are not being 'tested' as such
• C. Telling them that the data they produce is confidential and will not be discussed with any third party
• D. Telling participants that they can withdraw from the experiment at any time and that they can ask that the data they generate be deletedDiscover Lesson Plans

Explanation: Giving participants the hypotheses can create demand characteristics, causing them to alter their behaviour and making the findings less…

• A. When researchers report and comment on behaviour, without attempting to quantify it, they are using a qualitative research method
• B. Qualitative methods can include coding, grouping and collecting observations
• C. The way people evaluate the friendliness of the people they meet, illustrates some features of a qualitative approach to psychological research
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Qualitative research examines meaning and behaviour without reducing everything to numerical scores, and may involve coding, grouping, and…

• A. Nominal, ordinal, internal, external
• B. internal, external, quasi, survey
• C. Nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio
• D. Interval, ratio, quasi, surveyTry Science Kits

Explanation: The four measurement scales are nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. Internal and external are not measurement scales, while quasi and…

• A. When we use inferential statistics usually, we have to use a test statistics
• B. Two things influence our judgment about whether a given observation is any sense remarkable (1) the information that something is going on; and (2) the amount of random error in our observations
• C. The statistics we normally psychology contain both an information term and a term, and express one as a ratio of the other
• D. The test statistic will yield a high value (suggesting that something remarkable is going on) when there is relatively less information than error and a low value (suggesting that nothing remarkable is going on) when there is more information than error

Explanation: A test statistic is generally a ratio of systematic information or signal to random error, so it becomes larger when information is…

• A. Motivation, cognition, behavior
• B. Descriptive, inferential, evaluation
• C. Mean, average, sum
• D. Mean, median, modeBook Online Therapy

Explanation: The three standard measures of central tendency are the mean, median, and mode.

• A. No, because correlated variables do not indicated causal relationships
• B. No, because correlated variables are not based on inferential statistics
• C. Yes, because correlated variables indicated causal relationships
• D. Yes, because correlated variables are based on inferential statisticsTake Psychology Courses

Explanation: Correlation shows that two variables vary together but does not establish which causes which, or whether a third factor affects both.

• A. They provide a set of statistical
• B. They Provide a set of rules to protect participants
• C. They provide a set of hypotheses to be tested
• D. They provide a set standards for variable selection

Explanation: Research ethics establish rules such as informed consent, confidentiality, and protection from unnecessary harm.

• A. Open and closed ended questions
• B. Validity
• C. Diagnostic interview
• D. Crisis interview

Explanation: Open-ended questions invite a detailed response, while closed-ended questions restrict the response to specific choices or brief answers…

• A. the relationship between the independent and the dependent variables
• B. the effects of the observer on the observed
• C. cause-effect relationships
• D. the relationship between two events

Explanation: Correlation measures whether two variables or events vary together, without establishing that one causes the other.

• A. anecdotal definition
• B. controlled observation
• C. analysis formulation
• D. adherence to inductive thinking or common sense reasoning

Explanation: Controlled observation is a characteristic of the scientific method because it allows behaviour to be recorded systematically while…

• A. uses the "real world" as a laboratory
• B. tests a field or "range" of independent variables
• C. differs little from naturalistic observation
• D. requires no measurement of dependent variables

Explanation: A field experiment manipulates variables in a natural, real-world setting rather than in a laboratory.

• A. tentative
• B. testable
• C. based on theory
• D. novel

Explanation: A proposed explanation of behaviour must be testable so that evidence can support or contradict it.

• A. dependent variable
• B. independent variable
• C. extraneous variables
• D. replication variables

Explanation: The independent variable is the factor deliberately changed by the researcher, so it is the only intended difference between the…

• A. measure of the extent of the relationship between two variables
• B. index of the causal direction between an independent and dependent variable
• C. indication of the likelihood that an experimental finding will be replicated by others
• D. measure of the likelihood that observed differences may be attributed to chance

Explanation: A correlation coefficient describes the strength and direction of association between two variables, not causation.

• A. experimental control
• B. a hypothesis
• C. an experimental variables
• D. a theory

Explanation: A hypothesis is a tentative, testable prediction about what may control or explain behaviour.

• A. accurate calculation of correlations
• B. obtaining direct reports from subjects about their subjective experiences
• C. careful measurement and record keeping
• D. using control to identify cause-and effect connections

Explanation: The defining feature of an experiment is control, especially manipulating an independent variable while controlling alternatives, so…

• A. clinical study
• B. experimental
• C. survey
• D. correlational

Explanation: An experiment is needed to test whether changing exposure to a reinforcer causes performance to increase.

• A. Interview people to get their opinions
• B. Correlate news paper accounts and the types of beverages consumed
• C. test the idea by conducting an experiment
• D. research what other experts had thought

Explanation: Correlating records of beverage consumption with reports of aggressive behaviour can reveal whether the two variables are related…

• A. survey method
• B. psychoanalytic method
• C. natural experiment or case study
• D. clinical method

Explanation: Surveys use a sample to estimate the attitudes or behaviours of a larger population, so the sample must represent that population.

• A. experimental method
• B. case study method
• C. naturalistic observation method
• D. survey method

Explanation: A case study is suited to examining unusual or naturally occurring cases, such as how a particular brain injury affects personality.