Free Endocrine and Diabetes Drugs MCQs with Answers
50 Endocrine and Diabetes Drugs MCQs from Nursing Pharmacology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Endocrine pharmacology includes insulin preparations, oral antidiabetic drugs, thyroid and antithyroid medicines, corticosteroids, sex hormones and drugs affecting calcium balance. Questions address onset and duration, administration, monitoring, hypoglycaemia, steroid adverse effects and the difference between replacing a deficient hormone and suppressing excessive hormone activity.
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50 questions · page 3 of 3
- A. Administer intravenous dextrose as prescribed
- B. Give a glass of fruit juice by mouth
- C. Administer the next dose of rapid-acting insulin
- D. Place the patient in a sitting position
Explanation: An unconscious patient cannot safely swallow, so intravenous dextrose is the priority treatment when access is available.
Correct answer: Administer intravenous dextrose as prescribed- A. Keep it refrigerated and prevent it from freezing
- B. Keep it in direct sunlight to maintain its temperature
- C. Store it beside a heater when room temperature falls
- D. Shake it vigorously before every administration
Explanation: Unopened insulin is generally stored in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C and must not be frozen.
Correct answer: Keep it refrigerated and prevent it from freezing- A. It prolongs incretin activity and increases glucose-dependent insulin release
- B. It replaces basal insulin and provides glucose control for 24 hours
- C. It blocks intestinal glucose absorption before carbohydrates enter the blood
- D. It increases urinary glucose loss by inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption
Explanation: Sitagliptin inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4, which prolongs incretin activity and promotes glucose-dependent insulin release.
Correct answer: It prolongs incretin activity and increases glucose-dependent insulin release- A. Hold the medicine and report possible pancreatitis
- B. Give the medicine with extra food to reduce irritation
- C. Reassure the patient that this is expected appetite loss
- D. Administer an additional dose to improve glucose control
Explanation: Severe persistent abdominal pain radiating to the back may indicate pancreatitis, a serious adverse effect requiring prompt assessment.
Correct answer: Hold the medicine and report possible pancreatitis- A. Take calcium at least four hours apart from levothyroxine
- B. Take both medicines together after the evening meal
- C. Stop levothyroxine whenever calcium is prescribed
- D. Crush both medicines and mix them in fruit juice
Explanation: Calcium can bind levothyroxine in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce its absorption, so the medicines should be separated by at least…
Correct answer: Take calcium at least four hours apart from levothyroxine- A. Contact the prescriber about temporarily withholding metformin
- B. Take an extra dose to prevent stress-related hyperglycaemia
- C. Continue the medicine and restrict all oral fluids
- D. Replace metformin with a bedtime dose of insulin without advice
Explanation: Dehydration and acute illness can increase the risk of metformin-associated lactic acidosis, so the patient should seek advice about…
Correct answer: Contact the prescriber about temporarily withholding metformin- A. Haemoglobin and haematocrit
- B. Serum amylase and lipase
- C. White cell differential only
- D. Serum bilirubin after every dose
Explanation: Testosterone can stimulate erythropoiesis and cause erythrocytosis, increasing blood viscosity and thrombotic risk.
Correct answer: Haemoglobin and haematocrit- A. Previous deep-vein thrombosis
- B. Occasional tension headaches
- C. Mild seasonal allergic rhinitis
- D. A healed wrist fracture from childhood
Explanation: Raloxifene can increase the risk of venous thromboembolism and is generally avoided in patients with a history of thromboembolic disease.
Correct answer: Previous deep-vein thrombosis- A. It increases calcium-sensing receptor sensitivity and lowers parathyroid hormone release
- B. It directly replaces calcitonin and rapidly deposits calcium into bone
- C. It blocks thyroid hormone production and reduces basal metabolism
- D. It increases intestinal calcium absorption by activating vitamin D receptors
Explanation: Cinacalcet is a calcimimetic that increases the sensitivity of calcium-sensing receptors, reducing parathyroid hormone secretion and…
Correct answer: It increases calcium-sensing receptor sensitivity and lowers parathyroid hormone release- A. I will follow the prescribed fluid limit and report headache or confusion
- B. I will drink unlimited water to prevent every possible complication
- C. I will stop desmopressin whenever my urine becomes less frequent
- D. I will take extra doses if I develop mild ankle swelling
Explanation: Desmopressin reduces urine production, so excessive fluid intake can cause water retention and hyponatraemia.
Correct answer: I will follow the prescribed fluid limit and report headache or confusion