Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 91 of 124
- A. GUG
- B. CAU
- C. UGC
- D. GAG
Explanation: The transfer RNA has complementary base pairs to mRNA. The unique amino acid in sickle cell is valine, the mRNA codons of valine are GUG…
Correct answer: CAU- A. They are formed during meiosis.
- B. They are held together by centromeres.
- C. They are chromatids of the same chromosome.
- D. They carry both morphologically similar members with same set of genes.
Explanation: The homologous chromosomes are made before meiosis, so option A is incorrect.
Correct answer: They carry both morphologically similar members with same set of genes.1803. Phenotype is:
- A. The genetic component i.e. the genes in an individual for a particular trait
- B. Partner of gene pair
- C. The form of appearance of a trait
- D. The position of a gene on the chromosome
Explanation: A phenotype is an individual's observable traits, such as height, eye color, and blood type.
Correct answer: The form of appearance of a trait- A. DNA polymerase
- B. RNA polymerase
- C. DNA transcriptase
- D. RNA transcriptase
Explanation: RNA polymerase is the main transcription enzyme. RNA polymerase uses one of the DNA strands (the template strand) as a template to make a…
Correct answer: RNA polymerase- A. Genotype
- B. Phenotype
- C. Karyotype
- D. Allele
Explanation: A karyotype is an individual's collection of chromosomes. Presented below is a karyogram.
Correct answer: Karyotype- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
- E. Option E
Explanation: The DNA sequence will bealanine - GCA = CGT arginine - CGA = GCTlysine - AAG = TTCphenylalanine - UUU = AAA
Correct answer: Option A- A. 16%
- B. 18%
- C. 32%
- D. 36%
Explanation: 32% of the nitrogenous bases are cytosine so 32% of the nitrogenous bases are guanine, according to Chargaff's rule.
Correct answer: 36%- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 6
Explanation: The number of adenine base pairs on one strand is equal to thymine base pairs on the other strand and the cytosine base pairs are equal to…
Correct answer: 4- A. Mitosis
- B. Meiosis
- C. Geographic distribution
- D. Active transport
Explanation: Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, which results in…
Correct answer: Meiosis- A. Hemophilia
- B. Phenylketonuria
- C. Sickle cell anemia
- D. Down's Syndrome
Explanation: Trisomy 21 i.e. the presence of 3 chromosomes at the 21th pair is the characteristic of Down's syndrome.
Correct answer: Down's Syndrome- A. Genetic drift
- B. Genotype
- C. Gene pool
- D. Gene mutation
Explanation: The total set of gene copies for all genes in a population is referred to as its gene pool.
Correct answer: Gene pool- A. Down's syndrome
- B. Turner's syndrome
- C. Jacob's syndrome
- D. Klinefelter's syndrome
Explanation: Klinefelter's syndrome is a genetic condition in which a boy is born with an extra X chromosome.
Correct answer: Klinefelter's syndrome- A. Isoleucine
- B. Tryptophan
- C. Valine
- D. Arginine
Explanation: Tryptophan is unique because it is the only amino acid specified by a single codon.
Correct answer: Tryptophan- A. Ribosomes
- B. Chloroplasts
- C. Deoxyribonucleic acids
- D. None of them
Explanation: Gene mutations can occur in deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA). DNA is the genetic material present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and in…
Correct answer: Deoxyribonucleic acids- A. 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes
- B. 22 pairs of autosomes and XY chromosomes
- C. 22 pairs of autosomes and XX chromosomes
- D. Haploid somatic cells and diploid germinal cells
Explanation: Diploid set of human chromosomes have 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes. That is why A is correct.
Correct answer: 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes1816. Y chromosome in humans:
- A. Is completely inert
- B. Carries few genes
- C. Carries many genes
- D. Contains genes for hemophilia and color blindness
Explanation: The (X / Y) chromosome carries the fewest number of genes. The Y chromosome is one-third the size of the X chromosome and contains about…
Correct answer: Carries few genes- A. Both sperm and egg contain yolk
- B. All genetic information comes from sperm
- C. Sperm contains little cytoplasm
- D. Fertilization commonly occurs in the uterus
Explanation: The head of the sperm contains an extremely compact nucleus with very little cytoplasm.
Correct answer: Sperm contains little cytoplasm- A. 100 nm
- B. 130 nm
- C. 170 nm
- D. 150 nm
Explanation: Assuming that each nucleotide is 0.34 nm in length, the length of a DNA strand with 500 nucleotides would be approximately: 500…
Correct answer: 170 nm1819. Which of the following has the ability to develop ester linkage with the OH group of Pentose sugar?
- A. Purine
- B. Pyrimidine
- C. H3PO4
- D. HNO3
Explanation: DNA and RNA consist of many nucleotides joined together by special ester linkages called phosphodiester bonds.
Correct answer: H3PO4- A. 4 chromosomes
- B. 8 chromosomes
- C. 8 pair of chromosomes
- D. 3 chromosomes
Explanation: A sperm cell from the fruit fly Drosophila contains four chromosomes.
Correct answer: 4 chromosomes