Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 79 of 124
- A. Nucleus
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Chloroplast
- D. All A, B, C
Explanation: The correct answer is Option D: All A, B, C. The nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are organelles that each have a double membrane…
Correct answer: All A, B, C- A. Chloroplast
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Ribosome
- D. All of these
Explanation: F1 particles, also known as the F1 portion of ATP synthase, are found in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. Cell membrane
- B. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
- C. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
- D. Golgi apparatus
Explanation: The correct answer is the Golgi apparatus. It is integral to processing and packaging substances, including polysaccharides that are vital…
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. A. Golgi apparatus - intracellular digestion
- B. B. Cell membrane - cell recognition
- C. C. SER - Carbohydrate metabolism
- D. D. RER - protein synthesis
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus is not responsible for intracellular digestion; instead, it modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids.
Correct answer: A. Golgi apparatus - intracellular digestion- A. Lysosomes
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. All of these
Explanation: The correct answer is lysosomes. Lysosomes are specialized vesicles within cells that contain hydrolytic enzymes to break down…
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. Digesting cellular waste
- B. Moving cytoplasm
- C. Protein packaging
- D. Storage of energy
Explanation: Lysosomes are specialized organelles that contain digestive enzymes crucial for breaking down cellular waste, debris, and food particles.
Correct answer: Digesting cellular waste- A. Granum
- B. Centrosome
- C. Stroma
- D. Multinucleate
Explanation: Granum is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the stacks of thylakoids that are essential in the process of…
Correct answer: Granum- A. Grana
- B. Stroma
- C. Nucleus
- D. None of these
Explanation: The correct answer is 'Grana'. Grana are stacks of thylakoids found in chloroplasts and are crucial for capturing light energy during…
Correct answer: Grana- A. Cytosol
- B. Frets
- C. Stroma
- D. Intergranal lamellae
Explanation: The correct answer is Stroma. The stroma is the fluid-filled matrix that surrounds the grana within the chloroplast.
Correct answer: Stroma- A. Tonoplast
- B. Elaioplast
- C. Cytoplast
- D. Amyloplast
Explanation: The correct answer is Tonoplast. The tonoplast is the membrane that encloses the central vacuole in plant cells, similar to how the cell…
Correct answer: Tonoplast- A. Central Vacuole
- B. Peroxisomes
- C. Cell wall
- D. None of these
Explanation: Peroxisomes are organelles that are present in both plant and animal cells.
Correct answer: Peroxisomes- A. Vacuole
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Chloroplast
- D. Nucleus
Explanation: The correct answer is Vacuole because vacuoles are single membrane-bounded organelles, surrounded by a membrane known as the tonoplast.
Correct answer: Vacuole- A. A bacterial cell has 70S ribosomes, whereas a plant cell has 80S ribosomes.
- B. A bacterial cell divides by binary fission, whereas a plant cell divides by mitosis.
- C. Bacterial cells lack a nuclear membrane, whereas plant cells possess one.
- D. None of the above
Explanation: All of the provided statements accurately represent differences between bacterial and plant cells.
Correct answer: None of the above- A. Nucleus
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Cell membrane
- D. DNA
Explanation: The correct answer is the nucleus. Animal cells, as eukaryotes, have a well-defined nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane, which houses…
Correct answer: Nucleus- A. Cilia
- B. Plasma membrane
- C. Membranous organelles
- D. Ribosomes
Explanation: Membrane-bound organelles are a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells.
Correct answer: Membranous organelles- A. Ribosomes
- B. Nucleus
- C. Cell membrane
- D. Cell wall
Explanation: The defining structural difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is the presence of a nucleus.
Correct answer: Nucleus- A. Phospholipid bilayer
- B. Channel proteins
- C. Both A and B
- D. None of the above
Explanation: The correct answer is the phospholipid bilayer, as this structure acts as a barrier to ions due to its hydrophobic nature.
Correct answer: Phospholipid bilayer- A. Permeable to large ionic polar molecules
- B. Permeable to small ionic molecules
- C. Permeable to only polar molecules
- D. None of the above
Explanation: The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is selectively permeable. It allows small, non-polar molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide…
Correct answer: None of the above- A. Extracellular
- B. Intracellular
- C. Both A and B
- D. Plasma membrane
Explanation: Glycolipids and glycoproteins are crucial components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in animal cells and the bacterial cell wall.
Correct answer: Extracellular- A. Microtubules
- B. Microfilaments
- C. Intermediate filaments
- D. Cilia
Explanation: Microtubules are hollow microscopic tubular structures with an external diameter of 24 nm and of variable length.
Correct answer: Microfilaments