Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 7 of 124
- A. 8 from one conjugant
- B. 8 from two conjugants
- C. 16 from two conjugants
- D. 8-16 from two conjugants
Explanation: After conjugation, each of the two Paramecium conjugants generally undergoes two successive divisions, producing four daughter paramecia…
Correct answer: 8 from two conjugants- A. Starch
- B. Sugar
- C. Proteins
- D. All of these and fats
Explanation: Amoeba secretes digestive enzymes into its food vacuole, where proteins, carbohydrates and fats are hydrolysed into simpler substances.
Correct answer: All of these and fats- A. Endosmosis
- B. Pinocytosis
- C. Phagocytosis
- D. None of these
Explanation: Amoeba engulfs solid food along with some surrounding water by phagocytosis, forming a food vacuole.
Correct answer: Phagocytosis- A. Butterfly
- B. Mushroom
- C. Fish
- D. Algae
Explanation: Algae are generally autotrophic because they contain chlorophyll and manufacture organic food by photosynthesis.
Correct answer: Algae- A. Hair
- B. Appendix
- C. Hip bone
- D. Navel
Explanation: The appendix is considered a vestigial organ and is not essential for survival, although it may have some immune and microbial functions.
Correct answer: Appendix- A. cytoplasm
- B. nucleus
- C. vacuole
- D. mitochondria
Explanation: The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and regulates gene expression, so it directs growth, metabolism, and reproduction of the cell.
Correct answer: nucleus- A. tube feet
- B. cilia
- C. pseudopodia
- D. flagella
Explanation: Amoeba moves by extending temporary cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia, whose formation depends on cytoplasmic streaming.
Correct answer: pseudopodia- A. flowering plants
- B. seed plants
- C. ferns
- D. none of these
Explanation: Higher vascular plants are commonly called seed plants or spermatophytes because they reproduce by producing seeds and possess vascular…
Correct answer: seed plants- A. bryophytes
- B. pteridophytes
- C. tracheophytes
- D. all of these
Explanation: Bryophytes produce embryos but lack true vascular tissues and seeds, reproducing instead through spores.
Correct answer: bryophytes- A. sea water
- B. moist soil
- C. fresh water
- D. none of these
Explanation: Earthworms require moist soil because their skin must remain damp for cutaneous respiration and they obtain food from soil containing…
Correct answer: moist soil- A. Nephrology
- B. Semiology
- C. Orology
- D. Cytology
Explanation: Cytology is the branch of biology concerned with the structure and function of cells, including plant and animal cells.
Correct answer: Cytology- A. cartilage
- B. bone
- C. blood
- D. all the above
Explanation: Cartilage, bone and blood are all connective tissues because they arise from mesenchyme and contain cells embedded in an extracellular…
Correct answer: all the above- A. Meristematic
- B. Permanent
- C. Epidermal
- D. Supporting
Explanation: Plant permanent tissues are commonly grouped into simple tissues, made of one main cell type, and complex tissues, made of more than one…
Correct answer: Permanent- A. cell wall
- B. cytoplasm
- C. cell membrane
- D. none of these
Explanation: The cell membrane is selectively permeable because its phospholipid bilayer and transport proteins allow some substances to cross while…
Correct answer: cell membrane- A. 10 times
- B. 100 times
- C. 1000 times
- D. 10000 times
Explanation: A standard compound light microscope commonly provides a total magnification of about 1000 times, calculated from a 10x eyepiece x 100x…
Correct answer: 1000 times- A. plant
- B. bacterial
- C. fungal
- D. all the above
Explanation: Plant, bacterial, and fungal cells generally possess a rigid cell wall outside the plasma membrane, although their wall materials differ.
Correct answer: all the above- A. cytodplasm
- B. vacuoles
- C. mitochondria
- D. nucleus
Explanation: In ordinary cell division, nuclear division, called karyokinesis, occurs before cytoplasmic division, called cytokinesis, so the nucleus…
Correct answer: nucleus- A. Mycoxanthin, mucoxanthin and myxoxanthophylls
- B. Alpha and beta carotenes and myxoxanthin
- C. Fucoxanthin, diatoxanthin, diadinoxanthin
- D. None of the above
Explanation: Diatoms have golden-brown colour because their plastids contain accessory xanthophyll pigments, especially fucoxanthin, along with…
Correct answer: Fucoxanthin, diatoxanthin, diadinoxanthin- A. Valve
- B. Raphe
- C. Pseudopodium
- D. Cilia or flagella
Explanation: Many diatoms move by secreting mucilage through a longitudinal slit called the raphe; the mucilage provides the traction for gliding.
Correct answer: Raphe- A. Fertilizers
- B. Weedicides
- C. Insecticides
- D. Fire proof bricks
Explanation: Diatomaceous earth consists of the accumulated silica shells of diatoms and can withstand high temperatures, so it is used in insulation…
Correct answer: Fire proof bricks