Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
Last updated
Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 42 of 124
- A. Ribosomes
- B. Matrix
- C. Porin
- D. Cristae
Explanation: Factual recall; 'Ribosomes' are organelles, that serve as sites of protein synthesis.
Correct answer: Cristae- A. Chloroplast
- B. Golgi body
- C. Ribosome
- D. Mitochondrion
Explanation: The 'Golgi apparatus' is a cellular organelle responsible for the modification and trafficking of proteins to other organelles such as the…
Correct answer: Golgi body- A. Lysosomes
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Cisternae
- D. Golgi body
Explanation: Factual recall; Option A mentions lysosomes, which contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest old organelles or phagocytosed particles.
Correct answer: Ribosomes- A. 750 um
- B. 50 um
- C. 500 um
- D. 250 um
Explanation: Recall the formula for magnification, where Image Size (I)= Actual Size (A) x Magnification (M), or I=A x M.
Correct answer: 750 um- A. Lysosome
- B. Nucleus
- C. Nucleosome
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: Chloroplasts and mitochondria are the two organelles, that contain circular DNA similar, to those found in prokaryotic cells, along with…
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. RNA
- B. DNA
- C. Nucleus
- D. Eukaryotic ribosomes
Explanation: Ribosomes are called the ribonucleoprotein particles in a cell. They are called so because they are formed by the association of both RNA…
Correct answer: Eukaryotic ribosomes- A. Lack of a cytoplast
- B. Presence of a cell wall
- C. Inability to create proton gradients
- D. mRNA translation simultaneous to transcription
Explanation: Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound structures, including the nucleus, which is the hub of 'Transcription'.
Correct answer: mRNA translation simultaneous to transcription- A. Golgi complex
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Peroxisomes
- D. Glyoxysomes
Explanation: Lysosomes function as the digestive system of the cell, serving both to degrade material taken up from outside the cell and to digest…
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. Nucleosome
- B. Nucleus
- C. Chromosomes
- D. Histones
Explanation: Nucleosomes are the basic packing unit of DNA built from histone proteins around which DNA is coiled.
Correct answer: Nucleosome- A. Microfilaments
- B. Microvilli
- C. Microtubules
- D. Intermediate filaments
Explanation: Typical centrioles are made of 9 triplets of microtubules organized with radial symmetry.
Correct answer: Microtubules- A. Proteins and carbohydrates
- B. RNA and lipid
- C. RNA and proteins
- D. RNA and carbohydrates
Explanation: A ribosome is an intercellular structure made up of equal amounts of both RNA and protein, hence named as 'ribonucleo-protein particles…
Correct answer: RNA and proteins- A. A and B
- B. B and C
- C. A and C
- D. A and D
Explanation: ATP synthesis is seen in both chloroplasts and mitochondria. The inner membrane of mitochondria is folded to increase surface area.
Correct answer: A and C- A. Convex, maturing face
- B. Concave, forming face
- C. Convex, forming face
- D. Concave, maturing face
Explanation: The trans face of golgi apparatus (concave surface) where the cisternae breaks up to form new vesicles is also known as the maturing face.
Correct answer: Concave, maturing face- A. Primary wall
- B. Secondary wall
- C. Middle lamella
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: Cellulose gives strength and rigidity to the cell. It makes the wall of plant cells.a) Primary wall - It is composed of the…
Correct answer: Both A and B- A. Tonoplast
- B. Protoplast
- C. Symplast
- D. Epiblast
Explanation: A vacuole membrane is called the tonoplast. The symplast pathway is the movement of water molecules between cytoplasm, plasma membrane…
Correct answer: Protoplast- A. Cytoplasm
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Flagella
- D. Peptidoglycan cell wall
Explanation: Option (d) suggests that the presence of a peptidoglycan cell wall would confirm that the cell is prokaryotic. This statement is correct.
Correct answer: Peptidoglycan cell wall- A. Plasma membrane
- B. Cell wall
- C. Desmosomes
- D. Plasmodesmata
Explanation: Correct option is C. Animal cells are interconnected by desmosomes. A desmosome or macula adherens can be defined as a specialized…
Correct answer: Desmosomes- A. Lysosomes
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Cell membrane
Explanation: In the question, you need to identify the structure that serves as a base of attachment for the cytoskeleton in some organisms, which is…
Correct answer: Cell membrane- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Phospholipids
- C. Cell wall
- D. Proteins
Explanation: The plasma membrane is made up of two layers of phospholipids, and hence called lipid-bilayer.
Correct answer: Phospholipids- A. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
- B. Hydrophobic
- C. None of these
- D. Hydrophilic
Explanation: The head of the phospholipid in the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is hydrophilic (water-loving), while the tail is hydrophobic…
Correct answer: Hydrophilic