Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 41 of 124
- A. Lipid metabolism
- B. Protein metabolism
- C. Glucose metabolism
- D. Calcium metabolism
Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum helps in the metabolism of many different types of molecules, especially lipids.
Correct answer: Lipid metabolism- A. Hydrophobic
- B. Hydrophilic
- C. Neutral
- D. Both Options A and B are correct
Explanation: The plasma membrane consists of a lipid bilayer associated with proteins.
Correct answer: Hydrophilic- A. Detoxification of poisons and drugs
- B. Digestion/egestion of foreign materials outside the cell
- C. Manufacture of fat and lipid molecules
- D. Biogenesis of membrane proteins
Explanation: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the detoxification of the poisons and the drugs.
Correct answer: Digestion/egestion of foreign materials outside the cell- A. Chloroplast
- B. Leucoplast
- C. Chromoplast
- D. Cytosol
Explanation: Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that convert light energy into relatively stable chemical energy via the photosynthetic process.
Correct answer: Chloroplast- A. Lipids
- B. Glycogen
- C. Glucose
- D. Proteins
Explanation: Tay-Sachs disease is a inherited disorder that progressively destroys nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord.
Correct answer: Lipids- A. Phagocytosis
- B. Endocytosis
- C. Pinocytosis
- D. Exocytosis
Explanation: The process of moving substances out of the cell is called exocytosis.Endocytosis is moving substances into the cell.Phagocytosis is…
Correct answer: Exocytosis- A. Proteins
- B. Lipids
- C. Polysaccharides
- D. Phospholipids
Explanation: The primary cell wall of land plants is composed of polysaccharides, cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin.
Correct answer: Polysaccharides- A. Phospholipids
- B. Carbohydrates
- C. Glycolipids
- D. Proteins
Explanation: A network of collagen fibers and proteoglycans is found outside of the cell.
Correct answer: Proteins- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Golgi complex
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Peroxisomes
Explanation: The Golgi and plasma membranes are the two main sites, where constituents of the cell wall are synthesized.
Correct answer: Golgi complex- A. Phospholipids
- B. Glycoproteins
- C. Lipoproteins
- D. Nucleoproteins
Explanation: Lipoproteins formed by the combination of lipids and proteins serve as the basic structural framework of all types of membranes in the…
Correct answer: Lipoproteins- A. Central Vacuole, Cell Membrane, Ribosomes
- B. Chloroplast, Ribosome , Mitochondria
- C. Cell wall, Chloroplast, Central vacuole
- D. Ribosome, Mitochondria, Cell wall
Explanation: Animal cells do not have a Cell wall and Chloroplasts. They have temporary small vacuoles; unlike plant cells which have large, permanent…
Correct answer: Cell wall, Chloroplast, Central vacuole- A. Cell wall
- B. Plasma membrane
- C. Nuclear membrane
- D. Vacuole
Explanation: Selectively permeable means only substances that are needed in the cell are allowed to pass through Option A: Cell wall is fully permeable…
Correct answer: Plasma membrane- A. Cristae
- B. Cisternae
- C. Matrix
- D. F1 particles
Explanation: The infoldings increase surface area for reactions to take place Cristae are the infoldings of the inner membrane of mitochondria…
Correct answer: Cristae- A. Ending
- B. Forming
- C. Starting
- D. Maturing
Explanation: The Golgi complex is an organelle in the eukaryotic cell that is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for…
Correct answer: Maturing- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
- E. Option E
Explanation: The question asks for eukaryotic cells, which possess a nucleus as well as other membrane bound organelles such as mitochondria…
Correct answer: Option E- A. Cell wall
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Tonoplast
- D. Unit membrane
- E. Polar substances
Explanation: Option A: The outermost boundary of most leaf cells is the cell wall. It is a rigid layer that surrounds the cell membrane and provides…
Correct answer: Cell wall- A. Lysosomes
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Peroxisomes
- D. Glyoxysomes
Explanation: Option A: Lysosomes are another type of cell organelle that contains enzymes that can break down waste products and foreign invaders.
Correct answer: Peroxisomes- A. Store hydrolytic enzymes
- B. Perform autophagy
- C. Destruction of cell
- D. All of above
Explanation: Lysosomes store hydrolytic enzymes, which play their role in autophagy and destruction of old cells. Hence, the correct option is D.
Correct answer: All of above- A. Phospholipid
- B. Carbohydrates
- C. Polysaccharide
- D. Cellulose
Explanation: The permeability of the cell membrane and its permeability depends upon the phospholipid content of that membrane.
Correct answer: Phospholipid- A. Secondary wall
- B. Primary wall
- C. Middle lamella
- D. Tonoplast
Explanation: The cell wall in plants and few algae consists of three important layers:The primary cell wall is the outermost thin, flexible and…
Correct answer: Secondary wall