Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 40 of 124
- A. Receptor protein
- B. Glycoprotein
- C. Chromatid protein
- D. Histone protein
Explanation: Eukaryotes wrap their DNA around proteins called histones to help package the DNA into smaller spaces, most prokaryotes do not have…
Correct answer: Histone protein- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. Cytoplasm
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Nucleus
Explanation: The size of the nucleus depends on the size of the cell it is contained in, with a nucleus typically occupying about 8% of the total cell…
Correct answer: Nucleus- A. Proteins
- B. Carbohydrates
- C. Phospholipids
- D. All of the above.
Explanation: The structure of plasma membrane is mainly held together by proteins according to the sandwich model of cell membrane.
Correct answer: Proteins- A. Hydrophobic interactions between fatty acid tails
- B. Hydrophobic interactions between phosphate heads
- C. Hydrophilic interactions between fatty acid tails
- D. Hydrogen bonding between fatty acid tails
Explanation: Being cylindrical, phospholipid molecules spontaneously form bilayers in aqueous environments.
Correct answer: Hydrophobic interactions between fatty acid tails- A. Oxidative phosphorylation
- B. Liver cells
- C. To maintain calcium ions
- D. All of these
- E. Hormone release
Explanation: Mitochondria help in all of the given functions and are, therefore, very important organelles.
Correct answer: All of these- A. Permeable
- B. Semi-permeable
- C. Impermeable
- D. None of these
Explanation: The lipid bilayer cell membrane of a cell is always semi-permeable because it is selectively permeable i.e.
Correct answer: Semi-permeable- A. Carbohydrate
- B. Lipid
- C. Glucose
- D. Protein
Explanation: The cell membrane is composed of lipids and proteins. 60-80% are proteins and 20-40% are lipids, in addition to this there is a small…
Correct answer: Protein- A. Flexibility
- B. Chemical climate
- C. Transfer of molecules
- D. All of these
Explanation: In the plasma membrane, the lipids help in the transport of molecules, because the lipid-soluble non-polar substances can easily diffuse…
Correct answer: All of these- A. Both transfer of molecules and chemical climate
- B. Chemical climate
- C. Flexibility
- D. Transfer of molecules
Explanation: In the plasma membrane, proteins help in the transfer of molecules by acting as carrier proteins that transport larger molecules/polar…
Correct answer: Both transfer of molecules and chemical climate- A. Integral Proteins
- B. Peripheral proteins
- C. Cell wall
- D. Plasmodesmata
Explanation: Peripheral proteins, or peripheral membrane proteins, are a group of biologically active molecules formed from amino acids which interact…
Correct answer: Peripheral proteins- A. Nucleus
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Tonoplast
- D. Chloroplast
Explanation: The plant cell if it receives the signal to die, it commits suicide in a programmed way.
Correct answer: Tonoplast- A. Exocytosis
- B. Osmosis
- C. Diffusion
- D. Phagocytosis.
Explanation: The diagram shows phagocytosis, which is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle, giving rise to…
Correct answer: Phagocytosis.- A. Ribosomes
- B. Chloroplast
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Explanation: It is known that the Endoplasmic reticulum acts as a reservoir for Ca2+ in cells as in contractile cells.
Correct answer: Endoplasmic Reticulum- A. Bacteria
- B. Fungi
- C. Algae
- D. Viruses
Explanation: Viruses are not true cells. They lack the most important part of the cell, the protoplasm.
Correct answer: Viruses- A. Process in which samples are spun at high speed
- B. Efficient process of fabrication
- C. Slow but excellent process
- D. None of these
Explanation: Centrifugation is a method of separating molecules having different densities by spinning them in solution around an axis at high speed.
Correct answer: Process in which samples are spun at high speed- A. Chloroplasts
- B. Chromoplasts
- C. Leucoplasts
- D. All of them
Explanation: Leucoplasts are colourless plastids and they are found in the non-photosynthetic parts of the plant such as roots, seeds, bulbs, etc.
Correct answer: Leucoplasts- A. 70S
- B. 50S
- C. 60S
- D. 40S
Explanation: Prokaryotes contain 70S ribosomes, which themselves comprise of two further subunits; a larger 50S subunit and a smaller 30S subunit.
Correct answer: 50S- A. Sphaerosome
- B. Peroxisome
- C. Lomasome
- D. Golgi body
Explanation: 'Lomasomes' are present outside the plasma membrane but inside the cell wall.
Correct answer: Lomasome- A. 10x
- B. 20x
- C. 50x
- D. 100x
Explanation: The 'compound microscope' is the instrument used to magnify the image of the object that we cannot see by naked eyes.
Correct answer: 100x- A. Conducting cell
- B. Pericycle cell
- C. Photosynthetic cell
- D. All of these
Explanation: Chloroplasts are organelles found in photosynthetic cells, where they are responsible for carrying out photosynthesis, the process by…
Correct answer: Photosynthetic cell