Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
Last updated
Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 39 of 124
- A. I, II, III and IV
- B. I, II and IV only
- C. I and III only
- D. II and III only
Explanation: Looking at the diagram, it is apparent that increasing glucose concentration in the surrounding tube will decrease the difference in the…
Correct answer: II and III only762. Which of the following cell organelles involved in the synthesis of cell wall and middle lamella?
- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Peroxisomes
Explanation: The Golgi and plasma membranes are the two main sites where constituents of cell wall are synthesized.
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. Lysosome
- C. Mitochondrion
- D. Cell wall
- E. Ribosomes
Explanation: The cell wall is a non-living component that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists.
Correct answer: Cell wall- A. AF, BG, CJ, DI, EH
- B. AH, BI, DF, CG, EJ
- C. AJ, BI, CH, DG, EF
- D. AH, BF, DG, CI, EJ
Explanation: To solve this quickly just match one or two organelles to their correct function,crossing out the wrong options while doing so.
Correct answer: AH, BI, DF, CG, EJ- A. I only
- B. I&II
- C. II & III
- D. II & IV
- E. III & IV
Explanation: Nucleus is the control centre of the cell and stores the genetic material of the cell,so we say that statements II and IV are correct…
Correct answer: II & IV- A. Chloroplasts
- B. Chromoplasts
- C. Leucoplasts
- D. Vacuoles
Explanation: Anthocyanins are found in the cell vacuole, mostly in flowers and fruits, but also in leaves, stems, and roots
Correct answer: Vacuoles- A. Plastids
- B. Chromoplasts
- C. Leucoplasts
- D. None of the given options
Explanation: Elaioplasts found in plants are actually one of the types of leucoplasts.
Correct answer: Leucoplasts- A. Amyloplast
- B. Elaioplast
- C. Proteinoplast
- D. Etioplast
Explanation: Leucoplasts are classified into three groups: amyloplasts (which store starch), elaioplasts or osteoblasts (store lipids), and…
Correct answer: Elaioplast- A. Endocytosis
- B. Exocytosis
- C. Active transport
- D. Osmosis
Explanation: 'Osmosis' is the movement of a solvent across a semipermeable membrane, toward a higher concentration of solute (lower concentration of…
Correct answer: Osmosis- A. It functions in joining adjacent cells together.
- B. It functions in recognizing foreign cells.
- C. It increases the rate of transport of ions across the membrane.
- D. It stabilizes the cell membrane.
Explanation: 'Cholesterol' is interspersed between the phospholipid bilayer. In case of temperature deviation, the fatty acid tails may melt or freeze.
Correct answer: It stabilizes the cell membrane.- A. Stomach and Liver
- B. Muscle and Stomach
- C. Heart and Liver
- D. Liver and Muscle
Explanation: Tissues and organs, that need a lot of energy, have large numbers of mitochondria in their cells.
Correct answer: Liver and Muscle- A. Muscle cell
- B. Nerve cell
- C. White Blood cell
- D. Red Blood cell
Explanation: Unlike most other eukaryotic cells, mature red blood cells don't have nuclei.
Correct answer: Red Blood cell- A. 100 x
- B. 300 x
- C. 400 x
- D. 500 x
Explanation: Resolution is the measurement of the number of pixels Naked eye resolution is 576 Megapixels which is 500 times the resolution of compound…
Correct answer: 500 x- A. Cell wall
- B. Chloroplast
- C. Ribosome
- D. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Explanation: There are lines present that signify grana-containing thylakoid membranes which are exclusive to chloroplast
Correct answer: Chloroplast- A. They are found in all eukaryotic cells.
- B. They are only found in multicellular organisms.
- C. They coordinate to produce the cell.
- D. They are small sized and mostly internal.
Explanation: An organelle is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell.
Correct answer: They are only found in multicellular organisms.- A. Cell membranes
- B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- C. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D. Centrioles
- E. Both A and B
Explanation: The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is embedded with ribosomes, which are responsible for the synthesis of proteins.
Correct answer: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum- A. Ribosome, repeating
- B. Mitochondrion, repeating
- C. Ribosome, simplified
- D. Mitochondrion, simplified
- E. Ribosome, zig zag
Explanation: The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized type of endoplasmic reticulum found in muscle cells.
Correct answer: Ribosome, repeating778. The process by which various components of cells including its organelle can be isolated is called:
- A. Homogenization
- B. Cell Fractionation
- C. Cell Fixation
- D. Gel Electrophoresis
- E. Ultracentrifugation
Explanation: Option A: Homogenization is a process used in cell fractionation where cells are broken open to release their contents.
Correct answer: Cell Fractionation- A. Tonoplast
- B. Myoplast
- C. Periplast
- D. Epi Tonoplast
Explanation: Option A: Tonoplast is the membrane that surrounds the central vacuole in plant cells.
Correct answer: Tonoplast- A. Cell membrane creates resistance in water uptake
- B. Plastids create resistance in water uptake
- C. Chlorophyll creates resistance in water uptake
- D. Cell wall creates resistance in water uptake
Explanation: In-plant cells, there is an additional potential exerted by the cell wall from the outside that increases the overall osmotic potential…
Correct answer: Cell wall creates resistance in water uptake