Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 35 of 124
- A. Leptotene
- B. Zygotene
- C. Pachytene
- D. Diplotene
- E. Diakinesis
Explanation: Substages of meiosis where tetrad formation occurs:Leptotene: During the leptotene substage, chromosomes condense and become visible under…
Correct answer: Zygotene- A. Leptotene
- B. Zygotene
- C. Pachytene
- D. Diplotene
- E. Diakinesis
Explanation: Chiasmata formation and crossing over take place during the sub-stage Pachytene in meiosis.
Correct answer: Pachytene- A. Leptotene
- B. Zygotene
- C. Pachytene
- D. Diplotene
- E. Diakinesis
Explanation: The sub-stage characterized by the disappearance of the nuclear membrane, nucleolus, completion of the spindle apparatus, and the…
Correct answer: Diakinesis- A. Leptotene
- B. Diplotene
- C. Metaphase I
- D. Anaphase I
- E. Diakinesis
Explanation: The two sets of chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell during Anaphase I of meiosis.
Correct answer: Anaphase I- A. Telophase II
- B. Anaphase I
- C. Prophase II
- D. Metaphase II
- E. Anaphase II
Explanation: In meiosis, the process of forming gametes, chromatids become 'monads' during Telophase II.
Correct answer: Telophase II- A. The cell plate
- B. The aster
- C. The centriole
- D. The kinetochore
- E. All are incorrect
Explanation: The attachment site on the chromosome for pulling chromosomes apart during mitosis is the "kinetochore." Here are explanations for each of…
Correct answer: The kinetochore- A. Non-disjunction
- B. Heteroploidy
- C. Monoploidy
- D. Polyploidy
- E. Aneuploidy
Explanation: The failure in the separation of homologous chromosomes due to meiotic error is known as "Non-disjunction." Here are explanations for each…
Correct answer: Non-disjunction- A. Non-disjunction
- B. Polyploidy
- C. Aneuploidy
- D. Homoploidy
- E. Euploidy
Explanation: A change in an individual in which chromosomes may be added or subtracted is known as "Aneuploidy." Here are explanations for each of the…
Correct answer: Aneuploidy- A. XX
- B. XXX
- C. XO
- D. XYY
- E. XXY
Explanation: Klinefelter's Syndrome is characterized by having an extra X chromosome, resulting in a karyotype of XXY.
Correct answer: XXY- A. Monosomy 18
- B. Monosomy 21
- C. Trisomy 19
- D. Trisomy 21
- E. Trisomy 26
Explanation: "Down's Syndrome" is caused by Trisomy 21, not any of the other options you mentioned.
Correct answer: Trisomy 21- A. XX
- B. XXX
- C. XO
- D. XYY
- E. XXY
Explanation: "Turner's Syndrome" is typically characterized by the karyotype XO, meaning individuals with this condition have only one X chromosome and…
Correct answer: XO- A. An even number of chromosomes
- B. An odd number of chromosomes
- C. One copy of each homologous chromosome and even number of chromosomes
- D. Either an even or an odd number of chromosomes
- E. All are incorrect
Explanation: A diploid cell contains one copy of each homologous chromosome. Here's an explanation of each of the options you provided:1.
Correct answer: One copy of each homologous chromosome and even number of chromosomes- A. Interphase
- B. Prophase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Anaphase
- E. Telophase
Explanation: The mitotic apparatus, also known as the mitotic spindle, is formed during the **Prophase** stage of cell division.
Correct answer: Prophase- A. Spermatogonia to primary spermatocytes
- B. Secondary spermatocytes to spermatids
- C. Primary spermatocytes to secondary spermatocyte
- D. Spermatids to sperms
Explanation: Explanation for this question will be added soon.
Correct answer: Primary spermatocytes to secondary spermatocyte- A. Spermatogonia
- B. Secondary spermatocyte
- C. Primary spermatocyte
- D. Spermatid
Explanation: Remember that these stages are part of spermatogenesis, the process of sperm cell formation in the testes.
Correct answer: Primary spermatocyte- A. Stops the functioning of centriole
- B. Prevents attaching of centromeres with rays
- C. Prevents the spindle formation in mitosis
- D. Prevents the formation of equatorial plane
Explanation: Colchicine is an alkaloid that inhibits spindle fiber formation during mitosis, preventing proper chromosome segregation during anaphase.
Correct answer: Prevents the spindle formation in mitosis- A. Two chromatids and one centromere
- B. Two chromatids and two centromeres
- C. Four chromatids and two centromeres
- D. Four chromatids and four centromeres
Explanation: A bivalent, also known as a tetrad, forms during meiosis when two homologous chromosomes pair up.
Correct answer: Four chromatids and two centromeres- A. Fibroblasts
- B. Circulatory system
- C. Immune system
- D. Epithelial cells
Explanation: Fibroblasts are the cells present in connective tissue. Sarcomas are cancers that are located in connective and muscular tissues derived…
Correct answer: Fibroblasts- A. 5 x 10^5 cells
- B. 35 x 10^5 cells
- C. 32 x 10^5 cells
- D. 174 x 10^5 cells
Explanation: The bacteria divide every 35 minutes. Over 175 minutes, the bacteria will divide 5 times (175 / 35 = 5).
Correct answer: 32 x 10^5 cells- A. Cleft lip and Palate
- B. Polydactyly
- C. Turner's Syndrome
- D. Klinefelter's Syndrome
- E. Down's Syndrome
Explanation: Mental and physical retardation is down syndrome. Down syndrome, also known as Down's syndrome or trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder that…
Correct answer: Down's Syndrome