Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 30 of 124
- A. In G 1 phase DNA content is double the amount of DNA present in the original cell
- B. DNA replication takes place in S phase
- C. A short interphase is followed by a long mitotic phase
- D. G2 phase follows mitotic phase
Explanation: Interphase is the stage between two successive cell divisions. During interphase, chromosomes are decondensed and are distributed…
Correct answer: DNA replication takes place in S phase- A. Metaphase
- B. Telophase
- C. Anaphase
- D. Late prophase
Explanation: Metaphase is the best time to count and study the number and morphology of chromosomes.
Correct answer: Metaphase- A. Actin
- B. Myosin
- C. Tubulin
- D. Myoglobin
Explanation: Spindle fibres consist of microtubules that are polymeric chains synthesized from the protein Tubulin.
Correct answer: Tubulin- A. Anther
- B. Root tip
- C. Animal tissues
- D. Ovary
Explanation: Mitosis occurs both in somatic cells as well as in germ cells of the gonads.
Correct answer: Root tip- A. Chromocentre
- B. Chromomere
- C. Kinetochore
- D. Centriole
Explanation: Spindle is microtubular apparatus that appears in many eukaryotic cells at the beginning of nuclear division and is responsible for the…
Correct answer: Kinetochore- A. Muscle contraction
- B. Membrane architecture
- C. Cell division
- D. DNA recognition
Explanation: Microtubules are unbranched, hollow, submicroscopic tubules of the wwprotein tubulin which develop on specific nucleating regions and can…
Correct answer: Cell division- A. 28
- B. 32
- C. 7
- D. 14
Explanation: (c) : Mitosis is an equational division where after division each cell produces two daughter cells, therefore after 7 divisions one cell…
Correct answer: 7- A. Telophase
- B. Cytokinesis
- C. Metaphase
- D. Anaphase
Explanation: In apical meristems, mitotic divisions occur at a rapid rate. In the late telophase of mitosis, a nuclear membrane appears on the outside…
Correct answer: Telophase- A. Bivalent-forming
- B. Dyad-forming
- C. Synapsis
- D. Crossing-over
Explanation: Crossing over is responsible for inducing variability. It involves an exchange of equal segments of non sister chromatids belonging to…
Correct answer: Crossing-over- A. Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction
- B. Genetic recombinations are possible from generation to generation
- C. Meiosis alternates with mitosis from generation to generation
- D. The same genetic system is passed on from generation to generation
Explanation: Meiosis involves the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes. So the gametes produced are genetically different from each other.
Correct answer: Genetic recombinations are possible from generation to generation- A. Separation of sex chromosomes
- B. DNA replication and centromere
- C. Separation of homologous chromosomes
- D. Separation of chromatids
Explanation: Meiosis II is shorter than the typical mitotic division because of the shortening of the prophase of this division.
Correct answer: Separation of chromatids- A. Two each in mitosis and meiosisq
- B. Two in mitosis and one in meiosis
- C. Two in mitosis and four in meiosis
- D. One in mitosis and two in meiosis
Explanation: The number of chromatids at metaphase is two each in mitosis and meiosis.
Correct answer: Two each in mitosis and meiosisq- A. The same number of chromosomes and the same number of chromatids
- B. Half number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids
- C. Half number of chromosomes and same number of chromatids
- D. Same number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids
Explanation: Mitotic anaphase differs from metaphase in possessing the same number of chromosomes and half the number of chromatids.
Correct answer: Same number of chromosomes and half number of chromatids594. In meiosis, the daughter cells differ from the parent cells as well as amongst themselves due to:
- A. Segregation, independent assortment and crossing over
- B. Segregation and crossing over
- C. Independent assortment and crossing over
- D. Segregation and independent assortment
Explanation: The daughter cells differ from parent cell as well as amongst themselves due to the segregation and crossing over taking place in them.
Correct answer: Segregation, independent assortment and crossing over- A. M phase
- B. S phase
- C. G1 Phase
- D. G2 Phase
Explanation: In interphase, the cell only prepares itself for division and increases its size, while M (Mitotic) phase is characterized by the…
Correct answer: M phase- A. The growth of a cell
- B. Cell division
- C. Replication of DNA
- D. All of the above
Explanation: The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that takes place in a cell leading to the duplication of its DNA (DNA…
Correct answer: All of the above- A. Extensive metabolic activities.
- B. Cells growing in size.
- C. Accumulation of aaDNA base units.
- D. Energy storage for chromosomal movement.
Explanation: G1 phase is characterized by the extensive metabolic activities, cell growth, synthesis of specific enzymes and accumulation of…
Correct answer: Energy storage for chromosomal movement.- A. G1 phase
- B. G2 phase
- C. S phase
- D. Go phase
Explanation: G2 phase is characterized by the storage of energy for chromosomal movement, synthesis of mitotic specific proteins, RNA and microtubule…
Correct answer: G2 phase- A. M-phase
- B. S-phase
- C. G2-phase
- D. Gl-phase
Explanation: In case of human cells, the average cell cycle is about 24 hours and the length of each phase is variable.
Correct answer: S-phase- A. Interphase
- B. Anaphase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Telophase
Explanation: Telophase is reverse of prophase. Prophase emphasizes that Chromosomes become more and more thick ultimately each chromosome is visible…
Correct answer: Telophase