Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 31 of 124
- A. Anaphase
- B. Late telophase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Prophase
Explanation: During late telophase the astral microtubules send signals to the equatorial region of the cell, where actin and myosin are activated…
Correct answer: Late telophase- A. Interphase & mitotic phase
- B. Pre-mitotic phase & post-mitotic phase
- C. Prophase & telophase
- D. Karyokinesis & cytokinesis
Explanation: The cell cycle is divided into two phases; one is interphase in which the cell increases in size and DNA replicates, while the second…
Correct answer: Karyokinesis & cytokinesis- A. Attach chromosomes
- B. Separate chromosomes
- C. Align chromosomes
- D. All of the above
Explanation: Specialized microtubules structures including aster and spindle which form by centrioles in animals cells are called the mitotic…
Correct answer: All of the above- A. Prophase, metaphase
- B. Anaphase, telophase
- C. Metaphase, anaphase
- D. Telophase, interphase
Explanation: Anaphase is the critical microtubules phase of cell division which ensures equal distribution of chromatids in the daughter cells.
Correct answer: Anaphase, telophase- A. Metaphase
- B. Early telophase
- C. Anaphase
- D. Prophase
Explanation: At cytokinesis, in place of the contractile ring membrane structure, a phragmoplast is formed from vesicles that originate from the Golgi…
Correct answer: Metaphase- A. Nuclear membrane
- B. Mitotic apparatus
- C. Nucleoli
- D. None of these
Explanation: The telophase of mitosis is opposite to the prophase. Hence, in telophase, the mitotic apparatus is disorganized, the nucleolus and…
Correct answer: Mitotic apparatus- A. Two divisions
- B. Two interphases
- C. Four daughter cells
- D. Two times replication
Explanation: Meiosis is a type of cell division in which chromosome duplication only occurs once during meiosis I, while there is no replication in…
Correct answer: Two times replication- A. Zygotene
- B. Diplotene
- C. Pachytene
- D. Diakinesis
Explanation: In the Zygotene, homologous chromosomes start pairing which completes in the pachytene, where crossing over occurs.
Correct answer: Diplotene- A. Chromatids
- B. Bivalents
- C. Chromosomes
- D. Centrioles
Explanation: Metaphase 1 of meiosis I is characterized by the disorganization of the nuclear membrane.
Correct answer: Bivalents- A. Gametogenesis
- B. Fertilization
- C. Sporogenesis
- D. Development
Explanation: During gametogenesis, in animals and sporogenesis in plants, chromosome numbers reduce to half, which on fertilization again restore.
Correct answer: Fertilization- A. Prophase 1
- B. Anaphase 1
- C. Metaphase 1
- D. Anaphase 2
Explanation: Anaphase 1 of meiosis I is the actual reduction phase because each pole receives half of the total number of chromosomes.
Correct answer: Anaphase 1- A. Prophase 1
- B. Prophase 2
- C. Anaphase 1
- D. Anaphase 2
Explanation: During anaphase II, sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and move toward opposite poles.
Correct answer: Anaphase 2- A. Cleavage
- B. Fertilization
- C. Differentiation
- D. Spermatogenesis
Explanation: Cleavage, fertilization and regenerations all are the gifts of mitosis, while spermatogenesis is the sperm production process in human…
Correct answer: Spermatogenesis- A. Prophase
- B. Anaphase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Telophase
Explanation: During meiosis, chromosomal condensation and crossing over occur in prophase I, while nuclear envelope will disappear at the start of…
Correct answer: Metaphase- A. Animals
- B. Fungi
- C. Plants
- D. Prokaryotes
Explanation: Meiosis is the special type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes in daughter cells is reduced to half as compared to the…
Correct answer: Animals- A. 2
- B. 92
- C. 23
- D. 46
Explanation: In the case of human cells, the total number of tetrads formed during zygotene is 23.
Correct answer: 23- A. Non specific but exactly pointed
- B. Highly specific and exactly pointed
- C. Non specific and non pointed
- D. Highly specific but fused
Explanation: The first essential phenomenon of meiosis i.e., pairing of homologous chromosomes called synapsis starts.
Correct answer: Highly specific and exactly pointed- A. Mitosis
- B. Karyokinesis
- C. Cytokinesis
- D. None of these
Explanation: M phase of cell cycle is divided into karyokinesis and cytokinesis. Karyokinesis is the division of nucleus.
Correct answer: Karyokinesis- A. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- B. Golgi Complex
- C. Ribosome
- D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Phragmoplast is formed from vesicles that originate from the Golgi complex during metaphase and line up in the centre of the cell where…
Correct answer: Golgi Complex- A. M phase
- B. S phase
- C. G1 phase
- D. G2 phase
Explanation: Following the G1 is the S-phase (synthesis phase) during which the DNA is synthesised and (chromosome are replicated) which initiates G2…
Correct answer: G2 phase