Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 21 of 124
- A. Cell nucleus
- B. DNA or RNA
- C. Cell membrane
- D. Vacuole
Explanation: All cellular organisms possess genetic material, either DNA or, in some biological systems, RNA, which stores or transmits hereditary…
Correct answer: DNA or RNA- A. Cellulose
- B. Chitin
- C. Inorganic salts silica waxes and ligin
- D. Peptidoglycan or Murein.
Explanation: Most bacterial cell walls are strengthened by peptidoglycan, also called murein, a mesh of sugars and peptide cross-links.
Correct answer: Peptidoglycan or Murein.- A. Fungi
- B. Monera
- C. Protista
- D. Non of them
Explanation: Euglena is a unicellular eukaryote with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, so it is placed in kingdom Protista.
Correct answer: Protista- A. A
- B. B
- C. C
- D. D
Explanation: Paramecium is slipper shaped which matches the figure, so option D is correct.
Correct answer: D- A. W
- B. X
- C. Y
- D. Z
Explanation: The correct answer is Option D: ZProteins embedded in the cell membrane, such as channel and carrier proteins, are crucial for…
Correct answer: Z- A. A severe burn causes skin cells to die
- B. The self-destruction of an immune cell
- C. The irreversible loss of the liver cells in liver cancer
- D. An over stretched muscle fibre due to heavy exercise
Explanation: The correct answer is Option B:the self-destruction of an immune cell.Apoptosis is a programmed process of cell death that occurs in…
Correct answer: The self-destruction of an immune cell407. Protein layers which are NOT continuous on the surface make _ percent of total in plasma membrane.
- A. 50 - 60
- B. 60 - 70
- C. 60 - 80
- D. 70 - 80
- E. 70 - 90
Explanation: The plasma membrane is composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Correct answer: 60 - 80- A. Magnification
- B. Resolution
- C. Fixation
- D. Electrophoresis
Explanation: Magnification refers to the increase in the apparent size of an object, while resolution refers to the ability to distinguish two…
Correct answer: Resolution- A. Phospholipids embedded in a protein bilayer
- B. Proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer
- C. Proteins embedded in a polymer of glucose molecules
- D. Proteins embedded in a carbohydrate bilayer
Explanation: The plasma membrane consists mainly of lipids (20-40%) and proteins (60-80%).
Correct answer: Proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer- A. Large central vacuole, Chloroplast, Ribosomes
- B. Chloroplast, Microtubules, Peroxisomes
- C. Chloroplast, Cell Wall, Large central Vacuole
- D. Chloroplast, Cell Wall, Mitochondria
Explanation: Option C is correct because the structures listed - chloroplast, cell wall, and large central vacuole - are found only in plant cells.
Correct answer: Chloroplast, Cell Wall, Large central Vacuole- A. Primary cell wall
- B. Secondary cell wall
- C. Middle lamella
- D. None of these
Explanation: Middle lamella is composed of sticky, gel-like magnesium and calcium salts (pectates) and pectin.
Correct answer: Middle lamella- A. Recognition of cells having non-self surface marker
- B. Maintaining cell membrane flexibility
- C. Control of metabolic reaction across cell membrane
- D. Binding ligands for intracellular response
Explanation: The correct answer is Option D: Binding ligands for intracellular response.
Correct answer: Control of metabolic reaction across cell membrane- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Lipids
- C. Proteins
- D. Vitamins
Explanation: The correct answer is Lipids (Option B). The plasma membrane is primarily composed of a bilayer of phospholipids, which creates a…
Correct answer: Lipids- A. Plasmodesmata
- B. Cell walls
- C. Vacuoles
- D. Casparian strips
Explanation: In plants, neighboring cells are connected with one another by specialized channels called plasmodesmata.
Correct answer: Plasmodesmata- A. Benign tumors
- B. Metastasis
- C. Cancer
- D. Apoptosis
Explanation: Malignant tumor calls divide rapidly, invade nearby tissues, and enter blood or lymph, forming secondary growths this process is metastasis.
Correct answer: Metastasis- A. Metaphase I
- B. Prophase I
- C. Anaphase II
- D. Telophase I
Explanation: Prophase I is longest due to homologous chromosome pairing (synapsis) and crossing over, consisting of leptotene, zygotena, pachytene…
Correct answer: Prophase I- A. Zygotene
- B. Leptotene
- C. Pachytene
- D. Diplotene
Explanation: Diplotene stage can last very long (especially in oocytes), with homologous chromosomes remaining attached at chiasmata.
Correct answer: Pachytene- A. Nucleus
- B. Whole cell
- C. Cytoplasm
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: The Cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm, producing two daughter cells after nuclear division.
Correct answer: Cytoplasm- A. 30 minutes
- B. 10 hours
- C. 9 hours
- D. 4.5 hours
Explanation: The S-phase, during which DNA replicates, lasts-9 hours. G1-10 hrs, G2-4 hrs, M-1 hr.
Correct answer: 9 hours- A. Spindle
- B. Chromatids
- C. Centriole
- D. Phragmoplast
Explanation: This Phragmoplast guides cell plate formation during cytokinesis in plants; animal cells lack it and form cleavage furrows instead.
Correct answer: Phragmoplast