Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 17 of 124
- A. Chloroplast
- B. Chlorophyll
- C. Chromoplast
- D. Leucoplast
Explanation: Chromoplasts contain pigments such as carotenoids and can give flowers red, yellow or orange colours.
Correct answer: Chromoplast322. Ribosomes + m-RNA?
- A. Polysome
- B. Phlosome
- C. Polosome
- D. None of these
Explanation: A polysome, or polyribosome, is a group of ribosomes attached to a single mRNA molecule and translating it simultaneously.
Correct answer: Polysome- A. They contain enzymes which help in conversion of fatty acids into carbohydrate
- B. They are abundant in soyabeans but absent in pea.
- C. They are present through out life of a plant and provide them whth energy through Glyoxylate cycle.
- D. They are signle membranous organelles
Explanation: Glyoxysomes are single-membrane organelles found especially in germinating oil-rich seeds, where their enzymes convert fatty acids into…
Correct answer: They are present through out life of a plant and provide them whth energy through Glyoxylate cycle.- A. Forming face
- B. Maturating face
- C. Any of them
- D. None of these
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus receives materials at its cis or forming face and modifies, sorts and packages them toward its trans or maturing face.
Correct answer: Maturating face- A. 100 S
- B. 90 S
- C. 80 S
- D. 70 S
Explanation: In eukaryotic cells, the 60S large ribosomal subunit combines with the 40S small subunit to form an 80S ribosome.
Correct answer: 80 S- A. Cytosol
- B. Cisternae
- C. Polysomes
- D. Cristae
Explanation: Cisternae are the flattened or tubular membrane-bound spaces of the endoplasmic reticulum that enclose its lumen and separate it from the…
Correct answer: Cisternae- A. 500 X
- B. 250000X
- C. 500000X
- D. 250X
Explanation: An electron microscope can magnify objects to about 250,000 times the unaided eye, while also providing much greater resolution.
Correct answer: 250000X- A. Their physical properties like size & weight.
- B. Physical properties of the medium like its density.
- C. Their electrical properties like their charges
- D. Both a and b
Explanation: Cell fractionation separates organelles according to physical properties such as size and mass, while the density of the surrounding…
Correct answer: Both a and b- A. 2.0 ?m
- B. 2-4 A
- C. 24 ?m
- D. 24 A
Explanation: The usual resolving power of a compound light microscope is about 2.0 µm, meaning two points closer than this cannot be distinguished…
Correct answer: 2.0 ?m- A. Lorenz Oken
- B. Schwann
- C. Robert Brown
- D. Rudolph Virchow
Explanation: Robert Brown's discovery of the nucleus showed that a cell is not merely an empty space enclosed by a wall, because it contains an…
Correct answer: Robert Brown- A. Cytoplasm
- B. Nucleus
- C. Nucleolus
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: The nucleolus makes ribosomal RNA and combines it with proteins to form ribosomal subunits, so it is regarded as the factory for ribosome…
Correct answer: Nucleolus- A. Glyoxisomes
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Peroxisomes
- D. Ribosomes
Explanation: Peroxisomes contain oxidase and catalase enzymes that produce and then break down hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, during oxidation reactions.
Correct answer: Peroxisomes- A. 3
- B. 9
- C. 10
- D. 15
Explanation: A centriole has nine peripheral triplets of microtubules arranged in a cylinder, written as 9 + 0 because it lacks a central pair.
Correct answer: 9- A. Biconcave
- B. Convex
- C. Spherical
- D. Concave
Explanation: The trans face of the Golgi apparatus is the maturing or shipping face and is generally concave, with vesicles leaving it toward their…
Correct answer: Concave- A. Ribosomes
- B. Cytoplasm
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins and lipids and adds carbohydrate groups to form glycoproteins and glycolipids.
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. Microfilaments
- B. Microtubules
- C. Intermediate filaments
- D. Cytoskeleton
Explanation: Microfilaments made mainly of actin produce amoeboid movement and help generate cytoplasmic streaming, also called cyclosis, through…
Correct answer: Microfilaments- A. DNA
- B. Nucleus
- C. Eukaryotic ribosomes
- D. RNA
Explanation: Eukaryotic ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles because they contain ribosomal RNA combined with ribosomal proteins.
Correct answer: Eukaryotic ribosomes- A. Chromoplasts
- B. Leucoplasts
- C. Chloroplasts
- D. All of these
Explanation: Chromoplasts contain coloured pigments that make flowers and fruits conspicuous, helping attract pollinators and seed-dispersing animals.
Correct answer: Chromoplasts- A. Mitochondria Ribosomes
- B. Mitochondria Nucleus
- C. Mitochondria Chloroplast
- D. Mitochondria Vacuole
Explanation: Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA and ribosomes, allowing them to produce some proteins and replicate independently…
Correct answer: Mitochondria Chloroplast- A. Cell membrane
- B. Matrix
- C. Thylakoids
- D. Stroma
Explanation: Chlorophyll is embedded in the photosynthetic membranes of thylakoids, where it captures light energy for the light-dependent reactions.
Correct answer: Thylakoids