Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
Last updated
Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 16 of 124
- A. nucleus
- B. ribosome
- C. golgi complex
- D. centriole
Explanation: Ribosomes are the sites of translation, where the amino-acid sequence encoded by messenger RNA is assembled into a protein.
Correct answer: ribosome- A. Unicellular structures
- B. Multi-cellular structures
- C. Sub-cellular structures
- D. Non-cellular structures
Explanation: Organelles are specialized sub-cellular structures within a cell, such as mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
Correct answer: Sub-cellular structures- A. Lysosome
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Golgi apparatus
Explanation: Ribosomes are the sites of translation, where the amino-acid sequence of a protein is assembled according to information carried by…
Correct answer: Ribosomes- A. Nucleus
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Chloroplast
- D. None of these
Explanation: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic digestive enzymes but do not contain their own DNA, whereas the nucleus and chloroplast contain DNA.
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. circular
- B. spring
- C. straight
- D. All of these
Explanation: Mitochondrial DNA is usually a circular, double-stranded DNA molecule, reflecting the bacterial ancestry proposed by the endosymbiotic…
Correct answer: circular- A. nucleus
- B. mitochondria
- C. chloroplast
- D. All of these
Explanation: The nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA, so all three listed structures have genetic material.
Correct answer: All of these- A. leucoplast
- B. chromoplast
- C. chloroplast
- D. stem
Explanation: Leucoplasts are colourless plastids found commonly in underground plant parts and storage tissues, where they store starch, oils, or…
Correct answer: leucoplast- A. micro tubules
- B. micro filaments
- C. intermediate filaments
- D. glycoproteins
Explanation: The core of a eukaryotic flagellum has a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules, which allows it to bend and produce movement.
Correct answer: micro tubules- A. animals
- B. plants
- C. micro orgamnisms
- D. all the above
Explanation: Xylem and phloem are vascular conducting tissues found in plants. Xylem transports water and mineral ions mainly upward, while phloem…
Correct answer: plants- A. smooth
- B. rough
- C. both
- D. all of above
Explanation: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface, whereas rough endoplasmic reticulum bears ribosomes and is…
Correct answer: smooth- A. mitochondria
- B. nucleus
- C. chromosomes
- D. ribosomes
Explanation: Ribosomes are protein-synthesizing machines because they read the codons of mRNA and join amino acids in the correct sequence to form a…
Correct answer: ribosomes- A. chloroplast
- B. chromoplast
- C. leucoplast
- D. All of these
Explanation: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and the enzymes needed to convert light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis, producing…
Correct answer: chloroplast- A. tonoplast
- B. nuclear membrane
- C. cell membrane
- D. cell wall
Explanation: The tonoplast is the selectively permeable membrane surrounding a plant-cell vacuole and controlling movement of substances into and out…
Correct answer: tonoplast- A. Pseudopods
- B. Symplasts
- C. Plasmodesmata
- D. Pili
Explanation: Plasmodesmata are microscopic channels passing through adjacent plant cell walls and connecting the cytoplasm of neighbouring cells.
Correct answer: Plasmodesmata- A. Vacuoloplast
- B. Tonoplast
- C. Tanoplast
- D. All of these
Explanation: The tonoplast is the selectively permeable membrane surrounding a plant-cell vacuole and controls movement of substances into and out of…
Correct answer: Tonoplast- A. 40
- B. 50
- C. 55
- D. 60
Explanation: An ear-lobe cell is relatively inactive compared with a muscle cell, so it contains approximately 50 mitochondria in the textbook estimate…
Correct answer: 50- A. 400
- B. 375
- C. 350
- D. 325
Explanation: Heart muscle cells require continuous ATP for contraction and therefore contain many mitochondria, approximately 350 in the stated…
Correct answer: 350- A. Oxygen is stored
- B. Food is stored
- C. Sunlight is trapped
- D. CO2 is stored.
Explanation: The membranes of grana contain chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments arranged in photosystems.
Correct answer: Sunlight is trapped- A. Mitochondria
- B. Golgi bodies
- C. Plastids
- D. Lysosomes
Explanation: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest worn-out cell parts, foreign material and food particles inside the cell.
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. Lysosomes
- B. Primary lysosomes
- C. Secondary lysosomes
- D. Food vacuole
Explanation: When a primary lysosome fuses with a phagocytic or food vacuole, its digestive enzymes act on the engulfed material and the resulting…
Correct answer: Secondary lysosomes