Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 14 of 124
- A. Flagella
- B. Pseudopodia
- C. Water
- D. Cilia
Explanation: Amoeba moves by extending temporary cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia, or false feet, which also help it surround food.
Correct answer: Pseudopodia- A. Immunology
- B. Parasitology
- C. Entomology
- D. Paleontology
Explanation: Entomology is the branch of biology concerned with insects, including their structure, classification, development, and behavior.
Correct answer: Entomology263. What is the branch of biology in which structure and function of tissues are studied___________?
- A. Cell Biology
- B. Taxonomy
- C. Histology
- D. Morphology
Explanation: Histology is the study of the microscopic structure and function of tissues, linking tissue organization with its biological role.
Correct answer: Histology- A. 23
- B. 46
- C. 0
- D. None of These
Explanation: Tetrads form in prophase I of meiosis when homologous chromosomes pair and undergo crossing over.
Correct answer: 0- A. Identified barr bodies
- B. Detected sex linkage
- C. Pointed out mutational changes
- D. Gave the number of human chromosomes
Explanation: Tjio and Levan established in 1956 that the normal human diploid chromosome number is 46, correcting the earlier accepted count of 48.
Correct answer: Gave the number of human chromosomes- A. Structural of gene
- B. Functional unit of RNA
- C. Functional unit gene
- D. Replication unit of gene
Explanation: A cistron is the functional unit of a gene, specifically a DNA segment that codes for one polypeptide or functional RNA product.
Correct answer: Functional unit gene- A. Bands
- B. Loops
- C. Both bands and loops
- D. All of the above
Explanation: Balbiani's giant polytene chromosomes in Chironomus larvae show a characteristic pattern of dark transverse bands and expanded regions or…
Correct answer: Both bands and loops- A. 10
- B. 12
- C. 06
- D. 09
Explanation: In the traditional solenoid model of the 30 nm chromatin fibre, six nucleosomes are arranged in one helical turn.
Correct answer: 06- A. One half of chromosome
- B. Haploid chromosome
- C. Complete chromosome
- D. Duplicate chromosome
Explanation: After DNA replication, a chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids joined at the centromere, so one chromatid forms one half…
Correct answer: One half of chromosome- A. Lampbrush chromosome
- B. Hetero chromosome
- C. Supernumerary chromosome
- D. Polytene chromosome
Explanation: A polytene chromosome is a giant chromosome formed by repeated DNA replication without cell division, producing many aligned chromonemata…
Correct answer: Polytene chromosome- A. Acrocentric
- B. Telocentric
- C. Submetacentric
- D. Acentric
Explanation: The human Y chromosome is generally classified as acrocentric because its centromere lies close to one end, producing one very short arm…
Correct answer: Acrocentric- A. Telocentric
- B. Submetacentric
- C. Acrocentric
- D. Acentric
Explanation: The human X chromosome is classified as submetacentric because its centromere is slightly away from the middle, giving arms of unequal…
Correct answer: Submetacentric- A. Heterosomes
- B. Replosomes
- C. Androsomes
- D. Autosomes
Explanation: Autosomes are homologous chromosome pairs found in both males and females and are not the sex chromosomes.
Correct answer: Autosomes- A. DNA
- B. Histones
- C. Chromocentres
- D. RNA
Explanation: DNA is the hereditary material in chromosomes because its nucleotide sequence stores the instructions transmitted from parents to…
Correct answer: DNA- A. RNA
- B. DNA
- C. Histones
- D. Calcium
Explanation: DNA performs the information-carrying role of chromosomes because its replicated sequences can be passed to daughter cells during cell…
Correct answer: DNA- A. Mendel
- B. Strasburger
- C. Darwin
- D. Levitzky
Explanation: Strasburger was among the early scientists who described chromosomes as thread-like structures in the nucleus during cell division.
Correct answer: Strasburger- A. Salvary glands of Drosophila
- B. Salvary gland of silk moth
- C. Oocytes of frog
- D. Nucleus of man
Explanation: Lampbrush chromosomes occur in the oocytes of frogs and other vertebrates, where their extended loops support intense RNA production…
Correct answer: Oocytes of frog- A. Metacentric
- B. Sub-metacentric
- C. Acrocentric
- D. Telocentric
Explanation: A chromosome with a centromere in the middle has two approximately equal arms and is called metacentric.
Correct answer: Metacentric- A. Johannsen
- B. Mendel
- C. Lemark
- D. Cuvier
Explanation: Wilhelm Johannsen introduced the term gene in 1909 for the hereditary unit responsible for a trait.
Correct answer: Johannsen- A. Kinetochore
- B. Kinochore
- C. Centromere region
- D. all of these
Explanation: The kinetochore is a protein-containing structure assembled at the centromere, and spindle-fibre microtubules attach to it during cell…
Correct answer: Kinetochore