Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 13 of 124
- A. Protozoa
- B. Porifera
- C. Cnidaria
- D. All of these
Explanation: Cnidarians such as Hydra, jellyfish and sea anemones have body parts arranged around a central oral-aboral axis, producing radial…
Correct answer: Cnidaria- A. Deuterosomes
- B. Proterosomes
- C. Hemichordates
- D. Aschelminthes
Explanation: Aschelminthes, including roundworms, are pseudocoelomates because their body cavity is not completely lined by mesoderm.
Correct answer: Aschelminthes- A. Limmnetic zone
- B. Littoral zone
- C. Profundal zone
- D. None of these
Explanation: The littoral zone is the shallow, well-lit region near a lake shore, where light, oxygen, nutrients and varied habitats support many…
Correct answer: Littoral zone- A. Diffusion
- B. Osmosis
- C. Phagocytosis
- D. Plasmolysis
Explanation: Phagocytosis is the engulfment of large solid particles or molecules by extensions of the cell membrane, forming an internal vesicle for…
Correct answer: Phagocytosis- A. It contains protein molecules embedded in lipid bilayer
- B. It is a differentially permeable membrane.
- C. It contains charged pores thus ions being charged particles cross cell membrance much easier than neutral particles.
- D. It may get infolded to engulf solid or liquid material.
Explanation: The membrane is selectively permeable, contains embedded proteins, and can fold inward during endocytosis to engulf material.
Correct answer: It contains charged pores thus ions being charged particles cross cell membrance much easier than neutral particles.- A. Epidermis
- B. Muscle cells
- C. Gut
- D. Notochord
Explanation: In ascidian embryos, the yellow cytoplasmic region contains determinants that direct cells to develop into muscle tissue.
Correct answer: Muscle cells- A. Short day plant
- B. Long day plant
- C. Day neutral plant
- D. None of these
Explanation: Far-red light converts the active Pfr form of phytochrome into the Pr form, which favours flowering in short-day plants by making the…
Correct answer: Short day plant- A. Stroma
- B. Grana
- C. Thylakoid
- D. Outer membrane
Explanation: Carbon dioxide is fixed into carbohydrate during the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the chloroplast stroma.
Correct answer: Stroma- A. Active transport
- B. Passive transport
- C. Co-transport
- D. Counter transport
Explanation: Passive transport moves substances across the membrane down their concentration or electrochemical gradient without ATP expenditure…
Correct answer: Passive transport- A. 20-40%
- B. 40-50%
- C. 60-80%
- D. 80-100%
Explanation: Membrane composition varies among cell types, but proteins commonly make up about 60 to 80 percent of the membrane's dry mass because they…
Correct answer: 60-80%- A. Theodor Schwann and Schleiden
- B. Rudolph Virchows
- C. Louis Pasteur
- D. Both b and c
Explanation: Rudolf Virchow extended cell theory with the principle that every new cell arises from a pre-existing cell, expressed as omnis cellula e…
Correct answer: Rudolph Virchows- A. Schwann
- B. Schleiden
- C. Robert Hook
- D. Both a and b
Explanation: Robert Hooke coined the term cell in 1665 after observing box-like compartments in cork under a microscope.
Correct answer: Robert Hook- A. Crustacean
- B. Insecta
- C. Arachnida
- D. Myriapoda
Explanation: Insecta is the most widespread and diverse arthropod class, with members occupying nearly every terrestrial and freshwater habitat.
Correct answer: Insecta- A. 5
- B. 10
- C. 20
- D. 40
Explanation: A cockroach has 10 pairs of spiracles, with two thoracic pairs and eight abdominal pairs.
Correct answer: 20- A. Ferns
- B. Whisk ferns
- C. Gymnosperms
- D. Angiosperms
Explanation: In angiosperms, one male gamete fuses with the egg and the other fuses with the polar nuclei, producing the zygote and endosperm…
Correct answer: Angiosperms- A. Ovule
- B. Seed
- C. Fruit
- D. Embroyo sac
Explanation: The surviving megaspore develops by mitotic divisions into the embryo sac, the female gametophyte of flowering plants, which contains the…
Correct answer: Embroyo sac- A. Flagella
- B. Cilia
- C. Wings
- D. Feathers
Explanation: Pinus pollen grains possess air sacs or wings that increase surface area and allow them to be carried efficiently by wind.
Correct answer: Wings- A. 53.10%
- B. 19.90%
- C. 17.60%
- D. 9.40%Preparing For College Admissions Tests
Explanation: Vascular plants are commonly given as about 17.6% of the total organisms in the classification used by this question.
Correct answer: 17.60%- A. An organ
- B. An organism
- C. A Tissue
- D. A Cell
Explanation: A tissue is a group of similar cells arranged together to perform a common function, such as muscle tissue or epithelial tissue.
Correct answer: A Tissue- A. Phagocytosis
- B. Pinocytosis
- C. Exocytosis
- D. Both a and b
Explanation: Pinocytosis is the form of endocytosis in which a cell membrane surrounds and takes in extracellular fluid and dissolved substances.
Correct answer: Pinocytosis