Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 12 of 124
221. In most triploblasts after embryonic development the three layers are represented as___________?
- A. Separate layers of cells
- B. Structures formed from them
- C. Structures associated with them
- D. Their functions in body
Explanation: During development, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm do not usually remain as simple separate sheets; they differentiate into organs and…
Correct answer: Structures formed from them- A. Annelida
- B. Arthropoda
- C. Mollusea
- D. Echinodermata
Explanation: Annelids, arthropods and molluscs are protostomes, whereas echinoderms are deuterostomes.
Correct answer: Echinodermata- A. Pseudocoelom
- B. Enterocoelom
- C. Schizocoelom
- D. None of these
Explanation: In an enterocoelom, the coelom forms as pouches that bud outward from the archenteron, the primitive gut.
Correct answer: Enterocoelom- A. Arthropods
- B. Hemichordates
- C. Annelids
- D. Molluses
Explanation: Arthropods, annelids and molluscs are protostomes, while hemichordates are generally grouped with deuterostomes.
Correct answer: Hemichordates- A. Pinacocytes
- B. Choanoderm
- C. Choanoytes
- D. Pinacoderm
Explanation: The inner lining of a sponge is the choanoderm, and it is made of flagellated collar cells called choanocytes that create water currents…
Correct answer: Choanoytes- A. Ectodermal
- B. Mesodermal
- C. Endodermal
- D. None of these
Explanation: Sperm develop from germ cells associated with the reproductive organs, which are derived from mesoderm in the traditional germ-layer…
Correct answer: Mesodermal- A. Ectoderm
- B. Mesoderm
- C. Endoderm
- D. All of these
Explanation: The epithelial lining of the gut develops from endoderm, even in pseudocoelomates, whose body cavity is not completely lined by mesoderm.
Correct answer: Endoderm- A. Stripules
- B. Spicules
- C. Brails
- D. Spines
Explanation: Sponges commonly contain mineral or organic needle-like skeletal elements called spicules, which provide support and protection.
Correct answer: Spicules- A. Spicules
- B. Choanocytes
- C. Gemmules
- D. None of these
Explanation: Freshwater sponges produce resistant internal buds called gemmules, which help them survive unfavorable conditions and later develop into…
Correct answer: Gemmules- A. Sycon
- B. Euplectella
- C. Leucoselenia
- D. Spongilla
Explanation: The Venus flower basket is Euplectella, a glass sponge with a delicate lattice-like skeleton.
Correct answer: Euplectella- A. Ectodermal
- B. Endodermal
- C. Mesodermal
- D. None of these
Explanation: In acoelomate animals, the digestive tract is an endodermal structure, while mesoderm fills the region between the gut and body wall.
Correct answer: Endodermal- A. Spiral and indeterminate
- B. Radial and indeterminate
- C. Radial and indeterminate
- D. Spiral and determinate
Explanation: Protostomes typically show spiral, determinate cleavage, meaning the fate of each early blastomere is largely fixed.
Correct answer: Spiral and determinate- A. Diploblastic
- B. Triploblastic
- C. Both
- D. Unicellular
Explanation: Radiate animals such as cnidarians develop from two primary germ layers, ectoderm and endoderm, so they are diploblastic.
Correct answer: Diploblastic- A. Anima
- B. Anemia
- C. Aname
- D. All of these
Explanation: The word animal comes from the Latin anima, meaning breath, soul or living principle.
Correct answer: Anima- A. Amphibians
- B. Reptiles
- C. Birds
- D. Prototherians
Explanation: Reptile eggs usually have a tough, flexible, leathery shell that reduces water loss while allowing some exchange of gases.
Correct answer: Reptiles- A. Arthropoda
- B. Gastropoda
- C. Pelecypoda
- D. Cephalopoda
Explanation: Arthropods, gastropods and pelecypods generally have open circulation, but cephalopods have a closed circulatory system in which blood…
Correct answer: Cephalopoda- A. Mesenchyme
- B. Sclerenchyma
- C. Chlorenchyma
- D. Mesoderm
Explanation: Mesenchyme is a loose, gelatinous supporting material that may be largely non-cellular in simple animals such as sponges, although…
Correct answer: Mesenchyme- A. Pseudocoelous
- B. Schizocoelous
- C. Enterocoelous
- D. Emphicoelous
Explanation: In schizocoelous development, the coelom forms by splitting of solid masses of mesoderm.
Correct answer: Schizocoelous- A. All of them have blood vascular system
- B. They may be coelomate pseudocoelomate or acoelomate
- C. They are included in grade bilaterian
- D. All of them have digestive system
Explanation: Triploblasts possess ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, but not all have a blood vascular system because simple triploblastic animals can…
Correct answer: All of them have blood vascular system- A. Protozoa
- B. Porifera
- C. Echinodermata
- D. None of these
Explanation: Echinoderms have bilateral symmetry in their larval stage but generally radial, specifically pentaradial, symmetry as adults.
Correct answer: Echinodermata