Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 111 of 124
- A. Ribosome
- B. Peroxisome
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: Glycolysation of protein means linking of sugars to proteins which starts in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and is completed in the golgi…
Correct answer: Endoplasmic reticulum- A. Chemiosmotic theory
- B. Munch's hypothesis (mass flow model)
- C. Relay pump theory of Godlewski
- D. Cholodny-Wont's model.
Explanation: Chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis is the most widely accepted explanation for oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and…
Correct answer: Chemiosmotic theory- A. Golgi
- B. Porter
- C. De Robertis
- D. Palade
Explanation: Factual Recall. Ribosomes are minute, cellular and non-membranous particles having an average diameter of 23 mm (230 A°).
Correct answer: Palade- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Centrosome
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Chloroplast
Explanation: The centrosome is a non-membranous organelle found in animal cells. It is involved in the organization of the microtubules, which are the…
Correct answer: Centrosome- A. Lysosomes
- B. RER
- C. Centrioles
- D. SER
Explanation: The Golgi complex is involved in the formation of lysosomes. The Golgi complex is a cell organelle that is responsible for processing and…
Correct answer: Lysosomes2206. The transport of secretory proteins takes place through organelles in which of the following order?
- A. RER-Golgi apparatus -Secretory vesicles
- B. SER-RER -Golgi apparatus-Secretory vesicles
- C. RER-SER-Secretory vesicles-Golgi apparatus
- D. RER-Golgi apparatus-Secretory vesicles-SER
Explanation: The transport of secretory proteins takes place through the following organelles in this order:Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER): The RER…
Correct answer: RER-Golgi apparatus -Secretory vesicles- A. Vacuole
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Lysosomes
Explanation: Vacuoles are organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for storing a variety of substances, including water, nutrients, and…
Correct answer: Vacuole- A. Nucleolus
- B. Smooth surface endoplasmic reticulum
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Food vacuoles
Explanation: The detoxification of drugs is the function of SER while protein synthesis is the function of RER.
Correct answer: Smooth surface endoplasmic reticulum- A. Centrioles
- B. R.E.R
- C. Microtubules
- D. Ribosomes
Explanation: Centrioles are present in animal cells but absent in plant cells.
Correct answer: Centrioles- A. Vacuole
- B. Plastids
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Golgi apparatus
Explanation: The Golgi body is served as a 'primary packaging area' for molecules that will be 'distributed throughout the cell".It is a flattened…
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. Provides mechanical shape
- B. Regulate passage of molecules
- C. Maintain cellular homeostasis
- D. Prevent from osmotic lysis
Explanation: The animal cell membrane provides mechanical support, maintain cellular homeostasis, and regulate passage of molecules across the…
Correct answer: Prevent from osmotic lysis2212. Fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane states that protein molecules float in a fluid like_layer.
- A. Galactose
- B. Glucose
- C. Phospholipid
- D. Carbohydrate
Explanation: Fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane describes the arrangement of phospholipids in two layers, stabilized interiorly by the…
Correct answer: Phospholipid- A. Phospholipid
- B. Carbohydrate
- C. Polysaccharide
- D. Cellulose
Explanation: Permeability of membrane depends upon phospholipids in plasma membrane.
Correct answer: Phospholipid- A. RNA and proteins
- B. RNA and carbohydrates
- C. RNA and lipids
- D. Proteins and carbohydrate
Explanation: Chemically ribosomes are composed of an almost equal amount of RNA and proteins; hence. they are ribonucleo-protein particles.
Correct answer: RNA and proteins- A. Plasma cells have RER in abundance
- B. RER is more abundant than SER in adipose tissue
- C. RBCs lack both RER and SER
- D. Hepatocytes have both RER and SER
Explanation: Adipose tissue is concemed with conversion, synthesis and storage of lipids that is why it contains more SER than RER.
Correct answer: RER is more abundant than SER in adipose tissue- A. Lysosomes
- B. Vacuoles
- C. RER
- D. SER
Explanation: When the vesicles of the golgi complex fuse with the endosomes, a lysosome is formed.
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Chloroplast
- D. Golgi body
Explanation: Golgi complex is considered as secretory organelle of the cell. Secretory proteins are synthesized on RER, then transferred to Golgi…
Correct answer: Golgi body- A. Primary lysosomes
- B. Tertiary lysosomes
- C. Secondary lysosomes
- D. Quaternary lysosomes
Explanation: Secondary lysosomes are formed by the fusion of primary lysosomes with food vacuole.
Correct answer: Secondary lysosomes- A. Chloroplast and mitochondria cannot live independently.
- B. 70S ribosome is attached with the inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplast.
- C. Chloroplast and mitochondria are single membrane structure.
- D. Number of mitochondria and chloroplast are same in all cells.
Explanation: Mitochondria and chloroplasts both are considered as semi-autonomous organelles and are thought to be symbiotically originated from…
Correct answer: 70S ribosome is attached with the inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplast.- A. Mitochondria
- B. Plastids
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Ribosomes
Explanation: Mitochondria are the power house of a cell. Aerobic cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria In eukaryotic cells.
Correct answer: Mitochondria