Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 110 of 124
- A. Activity site
- B. Storehouse
- C. Waste site
- D. None of these options is correct
Explanation: Cytoplasm stores the molecules required for cellular processes hence acts as the store house. All the other options are inaccurate.
Correct answer: Storehouse- A. Real
- B. Virtual
- C. Real and inverted
- D. Virtual Inverted
Explanation: The correct answer is d) Virtual Inverted. A compound microscope produces a virtual image that is inverted, meaning the image appears…
Correct answer: Virtual Inverted2183. What are autophagosomes?
- A. Those lysosomes which eat parts of their own cells to generate energy.
- B. Those lysosomes which eat old and worn-out cellular organelles.
- C. Lysosomes which help in extracellular digestion
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: Those lysosomes which eat parts of their own cells to generate energy and which eat old and worn-out cellular organelles are called…
Correct answer: Both A and B- A. Integral proteins of the plasma membrane
- B. Proteins that bind to ion-gated channels in the plasma membrane
- C. Proteins which randomly bind to lipids of the plasma membrane
- D. Peripheral proteins of plasma membrane
Explanation: Glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins are peripheral membrane proteins tethered to the cell through a lipid anchor.
Correct answer: Peripheral proteins of plasma membrane- A. Their physical properties like size and weight
- B. Physical properties of the medium like its density
- C. Their electrical properties like their charges
- D. Both Options A and B are correct
Explanation: In cell fractionation, various components of a cell including its organelle can be isolated in different layers depending upon their…
Correct answer: Both Options A and B are correct- A. Osmoregulation
- B. Secretion
- C. Protein synthesis
- D. Formation of spindles
Explanation: Centrosomes are made up of 2 centrioles that form mitotic spindles. Osmoregulation is a function of the plasma membrane, secretion is a…
Correct answer: Formation of spindles- A. Mitochondria and Ribosomes
- B. Mitochondria and Chloroplast
- C. Mitochondria and Vacuole
- D. Mitochondria and lysosomes
Explanation: Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are self replicating as they contain their own DNA and enzymes.
Correct answer: Mitochondria and Chloroplast- A. Mitochondria
- B. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
- C. RER
- D. SER
Explanation: Fact: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum(SER) is involved in lipid metabolism.
Correct answer: SER- A. Tay-Sach's disease
- B. Phenylketonuria
- C. Klinefelter's syndrome
- D. Down's syndrome
Explanation: Tay-Sachs disease is the one in which a lipid digesting enzyme is missing or inactive and the brain becomes impaired by an accumulation of…
Correct answer: Tay-Sach's disease- A. It contains F1 particles
- B. It is double membranous
- C. is a self-replicating organelle
- D. Number of mitochondria is constant
Explanation: The number of mitochondria varies according to the activity of cells.
Correct answer: Number of mitochondria is constant- A. Grana
- B. Cnstae
- C. Thylakoid membrane
- D. Intergrana
Explanation: "The explanation for this question will be added soon!".
Correct answer: Cnstae- A. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA.
- B. The mitochondria are generally smaller than chloroplast
- C. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain an inner and an outer membrane
- D. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment - the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane
Explanation: The statement D is incorrect. While chloroplasts have an internal compartment called the thylakoid space, mitochondria do not have a…
Correct answer: Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment - the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane- A. RBC
- B. Muscle cell
- C. Mesophyll cell
- D. E.coli
Explanation: Mitochondria are most abundant in muscle cells because of the strenuous metabolic activities.
Correct answer: Muscle cell- A. as energy transferring organelles
- B. in post translational modification of proteins and glycosylation of lipids
- C. in trapping the light and transforming it nto chemical energy
- D. in digesting proteins and carbohydrates.
Explanation: Post translational modification (PTM) is a step in protein biosynthesis.
Correct answer: in post translational modification of proteins and glycosylation of lipids- A. Mitochondria - Produce cellular energy in the form of ATP
- B. Golgi body - Provides packaging material
- C. Lysosomes - Secrete hydrolytic enzymes
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum- Synthesis of lipids
Explanation: Mitochondria are miniature biochemical factories where food stuffs or respiratory substrates are completely oxidised to carbon dioxide and…
Correct answer: Mitochondria - Produce cellular energy in the form of ATP- A. Na+ and K+ ions move across cell membrane by passive transport.
- B. Proteins make up 60 to 70% of the cell membrane.
- C. Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar heads towards the inner part.
- D. Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson.
Explanation: According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure proposed by Singer and Nicolson (1972), the plasma membrane contains about…
Correct answer: Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson.- A. Ribosome
- B. Peroxisome
- C. ER
- D. Mesosome
Explanation: Ribosomes are the location of protein synthesis in a cell is a structure, composed of both RNA and protein.
Correct answer: Ribosome2198. Vacuole in a plant cell
- A. lacks membrane and contains air
- B. lacks membrane and contains water and excretory substances
- C. is membrane-bound and contains storage proteins and lipids
- D. is membrane-bound and contains water and excretory substances.
Explanation: A vacuole in a plant cell is a membrane-bound organelle that functions as a storage compartment.
Correct answer: is membrane-bound and contains water and excretory substances.- A. While proteins can flip-flop, lipids can not
- B. Neither lipids, nor proteins can flip-flop
- C. Both lipids and proteins can flip-flop
- D. While lipids can rarely flip-flop, proteins cannot
Explanation: Lipids can flip-flop, they do so slowly with the help of protein called Flippases. But protein do not flip-flop
Correct answer: While lipids can rarely flip-flop, proteins cannot- A. Ribosomes which occur on nuclear membrane and ER
- B. Ribosomes of only cytosol
- C. Ribosomes of only nucleolus and cytosol
- D. Ribosomes of only mitochondria and cytosol
Explanation: Ribosomes present in nuclear membrane and endoplasmic reticulum take part in protein synthesis.
Correct answer: Ribosomes which occur on nuclear membrane and ER