Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers

• A. rDNA
• B. RNA
• C. Ribosomes
• D. Chromosomes

Explanation: The nucleolus is a key subcompartment within the cell nucleus responsible for producing ribosomes.

• A. Ionic materials
• B. Polar materials
• C. Non-polar materials
• D. Glycoproteins

Explanation: The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is composed mainly of phospholipids, which have hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.

• A. Locomotory structures
• B. Membranes connecting the nucleus with plasmalemma
• C. Connections between adjacent cells
• D. Lignified cemented layers between cells

Explanation: Plasmodesmata are microscopic channels that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent plant cells, allowing communication and transport of various…

• A. Protein synthesis
• B. Processing
• C. Intracellular digestion
• D. Lipid synthesis
• E. Carbohydrate synthesis

Explanation: Lysosomes have intracellular hydrolytic enzymes that hydrolyze the macromolecules within the vacuoles/vesicles, which carry out…

• A. Golgi Apparatus
• B. Lysosomes
• C. RER
• D. SER

Explanation: The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) is an organelle that has a continuous connection with the nuclear membrane in eukaryotic cells.

• A. Prokaryotes cannot undergo cell division
• B. Prokaryotes have no DNA
• C. Prokaryotes do not have internal membranes
• D. Prokaryotes have no cytosol

Explanation: Besides nuclear envelope, the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell is the absence of membrane bounded organelles.

• A. Chemical nature of DNA
• B. Cell wall
• C. Ribosomes
• D. Cytoplasmic Streaming movement

Explanation: The most distinguished feature of a prokaryotic cell is its cell wall and chemically, it is composed of carbohydrates and short peptides.

• A. Ribosomes
• B. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
• C. RER
• D. SER

Explanation: Lipid metabolism, which involves lipid synthesis, modification, and detoxification, is primarily associated with the Smooth Endoplasmic…

• A. RER
• B. SER
• C. Chloroplast
• D. Golgi apparatus

Explanation: All enzymes are proteins in nature. Lysosomal enzymes are synthesized on RER then transported with the help of SER towards Golgi complex…

• A. Golgi apparatus
• B. Endoplasmic Reticulum
• C. Lysozymes
• D. Peroxisomes

Explanation: An interconnecting network of cisternae (elongated closed sacs) which is generally extended from nuclear membrane to the plasma membrane…

• A. Vacuole, Chloroplast, Ribosomes
• B. Chloroplast, Microtubules, Peroxisomes
• C. Chloroplast, Cell Wall, Large central vacuole
• D. Chloroplast, Cell Wall, Mitochondria

Explanation: Chloroplast, cell wall and large central vacuole are the organelles which are absent in animal cells but present in plant cells.

• A. Centrioles
• B. RER
• C. Microtubules
• D. Ribosomes

Explanation: Centrioles are present only in animal cells but RER, microtubules and ribosomes are present in both animal and plant cells.

• A. Centrioles
• B. Microtubule
• C. Plastids
• D. Sieve tubes

Explanation: Mitotic and meiotic cell divisions are absent in bacterial cells instead bacterial cells divide through binary fission.

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Proteins
• C. Lipids
• D. Both A and C

Explanation: SER is responsible for lipid metabolism, detoxification, nerve impulse conduction and transport of material in the cell.

• A. R.E.R
• B. S.E.R
• C. Liver cells
• D. Lysosome

Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is a part of the endoplasmic reticulum which does not possess ribosomes studded on its membrane.

• A. Plasma membrane has lipid bilayer
• B. Proteins are embedded in the lipid bilayer
• C. Plasma membrane has charged pores for transport of materials which cannot penetrate through the lipid bilayer
• D. All of the above

Explanation: The unit membrane model was a proposed model of the structure of all cellular membranes.

• A. Robert Brown
• B. Camillo Golgi
• C. De Duve
• D. Robert Hooke

Explanation: As the name suggests, Golgi complex was discovered by Camillo Golgi.

• A. ER
• B. Cytoskeleton
• C. Golgi apparatus
• D. All of these

Explanation: ER is a network of interconnected membranes which is involved in protein synthesis as well as transport.

• A. Osmoregulation
• B. Secretion
• C. Protein synthesis
• D. Formation of spindle fibres

Explanation: The formation of spindle fibers is the function of the centrosome. The centrosome is a microtubule-organizing center that is found in all…

• A. Inner leaflet of the plasma membrane
• B. Outer leaflet of the plasma membrane
• C. Evenly distributed in the inner and outer leaflets
• D. Varies to cell types

Explanation: Mostly glycoproteins and glycolipids act as cell surface markers. They are involved in cell-to-cell recognition and sticking the correct…